Chapter 8
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Created by:
graceelisabethh on November 1, 2011
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 metabolism | chemical reaction in every cell combined metabolic pathway->sequence of events that create/breakdown reaction and products production of energy vs usage of energy |
| catabolic | create energy breakdown of large into small products products release energy (spontaneous/exergonic) |
| anabolic | use energy buildup of small into large products non spontaneous/endergonic |
| energy | ability to due work capacity to change something all molecules have kinetic energy |
| law of thermodynamics | energy cannot be created or destroyed energy increases entropy->lost as heat |
| free energy | energy not being utilized in reaction |
| exergonic | spontaneous large energy to low energy, the type of reaction that proceeds with a net release of free energy; because the chemical mixture loses free energy, Gibbs free energy is negative; it is a spontaneous reaction |
| endergonic | add energy->small to high energy non spontaneous absorbs energy, have to add energy, the type of reaction that absorbs free energy from surroundings; because energy is stored in molecules, Gibbs free energy is positive; the reaction is nonspontaneous |
| energy coupling | -exergonic fuels endergonic process ATP->phosphate bond in held by energy (provides energy to do cellular work) -ribose (sugar) -3 phosphates->typically negatively charged -nitrogenous base |
| ATP is constantly being used and made | energy from catabolic reactions used to bond free phosphates |
| enzymes | lower the activation energy, allow reactions to occur faster |
| cofactors | helps enzyme do its job |
| inhibitors | prevent enzymes from working |
| competitive | something that is similar shape of substrate binds to activation site preventing substrate from binding. |
| non competitive | binds to enzyme not at activation site which changes shape of activation site preventing the substrate from binging. |
| kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| thermal energy | Heat energy |
| potential energy | stored energy |
| light energy | energy in the form of moving waves of light |
| chemical energy | that part of the energy in a substance that can be released by a chemical reaction |
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