5 Written Questions

1. an international agreement that seeks to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons by prohibiting further nuclear weapons sales, acquisitions, or production
2. the expected freeze that would occur in the earth's climate from the fallout of smoke and dust in the event nuclear weapons were used, blocking out sunlight and destroying plant and animal life that survived the original blast
3. a threat of force aimed at making an adversary grant concessions against its will
4. secret activities undertaken by a state outside its borders through clandestine means to achieve specific political or military goals
5. the use of threats or limited armed forces to persuade an adversary to alter its foreign and/or domestic policies

5 Matching Questions

1. Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD)
2. Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicles (MIRVs)
3. Security Dilemma
4. Proliferation
5. Firebreak

1. a the propensity of armaments undertaken by one state for ostensibly defensive purposes to threaten other states, which arm in reaction, with the result that their national security declines as their arms increase
2. b a system of deterrence in which both sides possess the ability to survive a first day strike and launch a devastating retaliatory attack
3. c the spread of weapon capabilities throughout the state system
4. d a technological innovation permitting many nuclear warheads to be delivered from a single missile
5. e the psychological barrier between conventional and nuclear war

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. overt or covert use of force by one or more countries that cross the border of another country in order to affect the target country's government and policies
   1. Proliferation
   2. Power Potential
   3. Covert Operations
   4. Military Intervention
2. a quick first-strike attack that seeks to defeat an adversary before it can organize a retaliatory response
   1. Proliferation
   2. Firebreak
   3. Preemption
   4. Ultimatum
3. precision-guided military technology that enables a bomb to search for its target and detonate at the precise time it can do the most damage
   1. Firebreak
   2. Ultimatum
   3. Security Dilemma
   4. Smart Bombs
4. a state's capacity to retaliate after absorbing a first-strike attack with weapons of mass destruction
   1. Economic Sanctions
   2. Coercive Diplomacy
   3. Security Dilemma
   4. Second-Strike Capability
5. targeting strategic nuclear weapons against an enemy's most valued non-military resources, such as the people and industries located in its cities, rather than against its nuclear-weapons capabilities (known as counterforce targeting)
   1. Countervalue Targeting Strategy
   2. Coercive Diplomacy
   3. Covert Operations
   4. Nuclear Winter

5 True/False Question

1. Deterrence → a threat of force aimed at making an adversary grant concessions against its will
   

   True        False

2. Nuclear Utilization Theory (NUTs) → an international agreement that seeks to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons by prohibiting further nuclear weapons sales, acquisitions, or production
   

   True        False

3. Preventive War → a war undertaken to preclude an adversary from acquiring the capability to attack sometime in the future
   

   True        False

4. Economic Sanctions → the punitive use of trade or monetary measures, such as an embargo, to harm the economy of an enemy state in order to exercise influence over its policies
   

   True        False

5. Opportunity Costs → precision-guided military technology that enables a bomb to search for its target and detonate at the precise time it can do the most damage
   

   True        False