Periodic Table Study Guide Ch 4
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Created by:
madipuliafico0 on November 2, 2011
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44 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What are the subatomic particles? | protons, neutrons, and electrons |
| Atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| Why are atoms electrically neutral? | the number of protons equals the number of electrons |
| What is the Charge, mass and location of a proton? | C-1+ M-1 L-nucleus |
| What is the Charge, mass and location of a neutron? | C-0 M-1 L-nucleus |
| What is the Charge, mass and location of an electron? | C-1- M-1/1836 L-electron cloud |
| How did Mendeleev organize the first periodic table of elements? | in order of increasing atomic mass |
| How are the elements arranged in the modern periodic table? | in order of increasing atomic number from left to right and top to bottom |
| What are columns in the periodic table called? | groups of families |
| What do elements in the same family or group have in common? | same number of valence electrons |
| Luster | the state or quality of shining by reflecting light |
| Malleability | a term used to describe material that can be pounded into shapes |
| Magnetism | the properties of attracting to a magnet |
| Electrical conductivity | the ability of an object to transfer electric current |
| Ductile | a term used to describe a material that can be pulled oout into a long wire |
| What are the three categories of elements on the periodic table? | metal, nonmetal, semi metal |
| What is the family name for group 1 elements? | alkali metals |
| What is the family name for group 2 elements? | alkaline earth metals |
| What is the family name for group 17 elements? | halogens |
| What is the family name for group 18 elements? | inert gases |
| What is the most reactive group of metals? | alkali metals |
| What is the most reactive group of nonmetals? | halogens |
| What are the two most common alkali metals? | Sodium, Potassium |
| What are the two most common alkaline earth metals? | Calcium, Magnesium |
| Which group of elements do not ordinarily form compounds? | Inert gases/ group 18 |
| What is the most useful property of semi metals? | semi conductors |
| What happens during radioactive decay? | the atomic nuclei of unstable isotopes release fast moving particles and energy called radiation |
| Periods | horizontal rows on the periodic table |
| Chemical symbol | a one or two letter representation of an element |
| In which state of matter are most nonmetals? | gases |
| Semiconductor | a material that conducts current under certain conditions |
| What happens to the reactivity of metals as you move from left to right across the periodic table? | less reactive |
| Atomic number equals the number of_____ | protons |
| Atomic mass equals the number of___+___ | protons+ neutrons |
| The number of electrons equals the number of___ | protons |
| Properties of Alkali metals | very reactive, very soft, never found uncombined in nature, shiny, malleable, react violently with water |
| What is the name of the elements in groups 3-12? | transition metals |
| Isotopes | an atom with the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons from other atoms of the same element |
| What are the seven diatomic particles? | Hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine |
| What can you predict from an elements location on the periodic table? | properties |
| Which part of an atom makes up most of its atomic mass? | nucleus |
| Which part of an atom makes up most of its volume? | electron cloud |
| What do elements in the same period have in common? | same number of energy levels |
| What part of an isotope increases as you go left to right? | neutrons |
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