| Term | Definition |
| battering ram | a reinforced log with a metal head used to break down a castle's gates |
| catapult | a weapon used to hurl objects over castle walls |
| commoner | a person without noble rank |
| crenelations | the squared-off "teeth" on the upper portion of a medieval castle wall, designed to protect the defenders |
| keep | the central tower or building in a castle |
| moat | a deep, wide ditch around a castle, often filled with water |
| mott and bailey | early cstle made up of a large, fenced-inarea (bailey) surrounding a tall hill (mott) tht often had a tower |
| noble | a person of the ruling class, below the king |
| palisade | a spiked wooden wall built around the bailey of a castle |
| peasants | the lowest class of people |
| trebuchet | a large slingshot-like weapon used to throw rocks or other objects during a siege |
| turrets | castle towers |