| Term | Definition |
|---|
| matrix | intracellular substance of a tissue |
| histology | branch of microscopic anatomy that studies tissues |
| epithelial tissue | covers the body and its parts, lines various parts of the body forming continuous sheets that contain no blood vessels, classified according to shape and arrangement |
| connective tissue | most abundant and widely distributed tissue in the body |
| muscle tissue | specialized tissue type that produces movement |
| nervous tissue | specialized tissue type consisting of neutrons and glia that provides rapid communication and control of body functions |
| blastocyst | stage of developing embryo that implants in uterine wall, consist of hollow ball of cells plus an inner cell mass |
| morula | solid mass of cells formed by the division of fertilized egg |
| primary germ layers | 3 layers of specialized cells that give rise to definite structures as the embryo develops |
| endoderm | innermost layer of the primary germ layers, that develops early in the first trimester of pregnancy, gives rise to digestive and urinary structures |
| mesoderm | middle layer of the primary germ layers, gives rise to structures as muscle, bones, and blood vessels |
| ectoderm | outermost layer of the primary germ layers, that develops early in the first trimester of pregnancy, gives rise to the skin and the nervous system |
| gastrulation | process by which blastocyst cells move and then differentiate ino the 3 germ layers |
| histogenesis | formation of tissues from primary germ layers of embryo |
| membranous epithelium | covers the body |
| glandular epithelium | units that secrete materials from exocrine glands used in sensory functions, and for protection |
| avascular | free of blood vessels |
| squamous | scale-like |
| cuboidal | cell classification by shape in which cells resemble cubes |
| columnar | cell classification by shape in which cells are higher then they are wide |
| pseudostratified columnar | false layer, one layer of oddly shaped cells |
| apocrine glands | glands that collect their secrets near the apex of the cells and then release them by pinching off the distended end |
| holocrine glands | gland that collects secretory product inside its cells, which then rupture completely to release it |
| merocrine glands | gland that discharges secretions directly through the cell or plasma membrane |
| collagen | principal organic constituent of connective tissue |
| osteocytes | bone cell |
| endochondral ossification | process by which bones are formed by replacement of cartilage models |
| chondrocyte | cartilage cell |
| hyaline cartilage | most common type of cartilage, appears gelatinous and glossy |
| fibrocartilage | cartilage with greatest number of collagenous fibers, strongest and most durable type of cartilage |
| plasma | liquid part of the blood |
| erythrocytes | red blood cells |
| leukocytes | white blood cells |
| thrombocytes | (platelets) play a role in blood clotting |
| hematopoietic tissue | specialized connective tissue that is responsible for formation of blood cells and lymphatic systems cells |
| skeletal muscle tissue | muscles under willed or voluntary control |
| smooth muscle tissue | muscles that are not under conscious control, involuntary |
| cardiac muscle tissue | specialized muscle that makes up the heart |
| striations | dark bands that add strength to the muscle |
| neurons | nerve cell |
| neuroglia | non-excitable supporting cells of nervous tissue |
| soma | cell body |
| axon | in a neuron, the single process that extends from the axon hillock and transmits impulses away from the cell body |
| dendrites | branching of treelike nerve cell process that receives input from other neurons and transmits impulses toward the cell body |
| scar | thickened mass of tissue that remains after a damaged tissue has been repaired |
| keloids | the thick fibrous scar on the skin |
| cutaneous membrane | primary organ of the integumentary system, the skin |
| mucous membrane | epithelial membrane that lines body surfaces opening directly to the exterior and secretes mucus |
| synovial membrane | connective tissue membrane lining spaces between bones and joints that secretes synovial fluids |
| synovial fluid | thick, colorless lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane in synovial joints |
| bursae | small, cushion like sacs found between moving body parts, making movement easier |
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