| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Telencephalos | Cerebrum, Meninges, Lobes |
| Cerebrum | Cerebral Hemispheres, Corpus Callosum, Septum Pellucidum, Cerebral Cortex |
| Cerebral Hemispheres | 2 halves |
| Corpus Callosum | 2 halves meet |
| Septum Pellucidum | Split corpus callosum |
| Cerebral Cortex | gyri, sulci, lateral sulcus, central sulcus, longitudinal fissure, transverse fissure |
| Meninges | dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater, arachnoid villi, dural sinuses, falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli, falx cerebelli |
| dura mater | close to bone top layer |
| arachnoid mater | deep to dura mater |
| pia mater | cerebral cortex going into sulci and gyri |
| arachnoid villi | red dots in half head, arachoid mater |
| dural sinuses | layer in between dural mater |
| falx cerebri | dura mater into longitudinal fissure |
| tentorium cerebelli | dura mater into transverse fissure |
| falx cerebelli | dura mater in b/w sides cerebellum |
| Lobes | Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital, Insula |
| Frontal Lobe | Conscious control of skeletal muscles |
| Parietal Lobe | Conscious perception of tough, pressure, vibration, pain, temperature, and taste |
| Occipital Lobe | Concious perception of visual stimuli |
| Temporal Lobe | Conscious perception of auditory and olfactory stimuli |
| Insula | visceral functions, integrates autonomic information |
| Diencephalon | Pineal body, epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus |
| Pineal body | back of thalamus |
| epithalamus | roof |
| thalamus | walls |
| hypothalamus | (floor) opitc chiasma, mammillary bodies, pituitary gland |
| pituitary gland | infundibulum (connect to rest of brain) |
| Mesencephalon | (midbrain) cerebral aqueduct, corpora quadrigemina |
| Corpora quadrigemina | Superior colliculi, inferior colliculi |
| Metencephalon | (hindbrain) Pons, Cerebellum |
| Pons | Big bumps |
| Cerebellum | (bottom of cerebrum) Vermis, cerebellar cortex, arbor vitae, cerebellar peduncles |
| vermis | 2 sides of cerebellum come together |
| cerebellar cortex | cover entire cerebellum |
| arbor vitae | tree of life |
| cerebellar peduncles | cerebellum attach to brain stem |
| Myelencephalon | (Hindbrain) medulla oblongata, brain stem |
| Brain stem | Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata |
| Ventricles | (filled with CSF) lateral, third, fourth, choroid plexuses |
| lateral ventricle | 2, one on each side of corpus callosum |
| third ventricle | middle in hypothalamus |
| fourth ventricle | down to cerebellum, behind medula oblongata |
| choroid plexuses | in all ventricles, produce CSF |
| Cerebral Spinal Fluid | Preventing Contact, Supporting the brain, transporting nutrients & chemical messengers & waste products |
| 1. Olfactory: FIF | Cribriform, nasal cavity smell, SENSORY |
| 2. Optic: FIF | Optic canal, eye/vision, SENSORY |
| 3. Oculomotor: FIF | superior orbital fissure, extrinsic muscles of eye, MOTOR |
| 4. Trochlear: FIF | superior orbial fissure, Superior oblique muscle of eye, MOTOR |
| 5. Trigeminal: FIF | Ophthalmic, Maxillary, Mandibular; BOTH |
| Ophthalmic of trigeminal: FIF | Superior orbital fissure, skin of eyelids, scalp, nose, lacrimal gland, SENSORY |
| Maxillary of trigeminal: FIF | Foramen rotundum, Upper teeth, palate, skin of cheek, upper lip, SENSORY |
| Mandibular of trigeminal: FIF | Foramen ovale, Tongue, lower teeth, skin of jaw and temporal region, Muscles of mastication, BOTH |
| 6. Abducens: FIF | Superior orbital fissure, lateral rectus muscle, MOTOR |
| 7. Facial: FIF | Enter-internal acoustic meatus;Exit-stylomastoid foramen, taste buds of tongue, Stimulate glands, and skeletal muscles of face, BOTH |
| 8. Vestibulocochlear: FIF | Internal acoustic meatus, Vestibular branch: equilibrium, Cochlear branch: hearing, SENSORY |
| 9. Glossopharyngeal: FIF | Jugular Foramen, Pharyngeal muscles: Parotid Gland, Posterior tongue, pharynx and carotid sinus, BOTH |
| 10. Vagus: FIF | Jugular Foramen, Pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles, heart, lungs, and abdominal viscera, Pharynx, Larynx, and visceral organs, BOTH |
| 11. Accessory: FIF | (Spinal component: Enter-Foramen magnum, Exit-Jugular foramen) (Cranial component: Exit-Jugular foramen) Trapezius, and sternocleidomaastoid, pharynx, larynx, and soft palate, MOTOR |
| 12. Hypoglossal: FIF | Hypoglossal canal, extrinsisc and intrinsic muscles of tongue, MOTOR |
| hydrocephalus | water on the brain |
| spinal tap | CSF is removed to help diagnosed problem |
| paraplegia/quadriplegia/paresthesia | para:loss of motor control of lower limbs, quad: loss of motor control of all limbs, pare:limb becomes numb and afterward an uncomfortable "pins-and-needles" sensation |
| Cerebral palsy | A number of disorders affecting voluntary motor performance |
| multiple sclerosis | recurrent incident of demyelination that affects axons in optic nerve, brain, and spinal chord |
| Tay-Sachs disease | genetic abnormality involving the metabolism of gangliosides. |
| Parkinson's disease | A condition characterized by a pronounced increase in muscle tone, resulting from loss of inhibitory control over neurons in the basal nuclei. |
| Alzheimer's disease | chronic, progressive illness characterized by memory loss and impairment of higher-order cerebral functions including abstract thinking, judgment, and personality |
| Sciatica | painful result of compression of the roots of the sciatic nerve |
| Demyelination disorders | destruction of myelinated axons in the CNS and PNS, mercury poisoning, multiple sclerosis |
| Traumatic Brain Injuries | harch contact between head and another object or from severe jolt. |
| Dysmetria | cerebellar ability to adjust movements is off, a reaching movement ends with hand overshooting target |
| Tic douloureux | severe pain from lip, tongue, or gums from nowhere and goes away, maxillary and mandibular branches of Trigeminal N, fix by rhiztomy cut nerve |
| Bell's Palsy | inflammation of facial nerve by viral infection, cures itself, lost sense no pain |
| Levels of Consciousness | Delirium, Dementia, Confusion, Normal, Somnolence, Chronic vegetative state, Unconscious States: asleep, stupor, coma |
| Disconnection Syndrome | two hemispheres function on their own, cross-referencing sensory information problems |
| Aphasia | disorder affecting ability to speak or read |
| Peripheral Nerves | Cervial, Brachial, Lumbosacral plexues |
| Cervical Plexus | C1-C4, parts of C5: supplies skin, muscles of head, neck and upper part of shoulder. |
| Phrenic Nerve | part of cervial plexus, C3, C4, C5 which innervates the diaphragm |
| Brachial Plexus | C5-C8, T11 |
| Musculocutaneous | most lateral arm |
| Median | follow middle arm |
| Ulnar | from pinkie |
| Radial | Large one under follow thumb |
| Axillary | branch off radial, dig higher up |
| Lumbosacral Plexus | T12, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal nerves |
| Obturator | superior nerve in leg |
| Femoral | only see in cadaver, over femur |
| Sciatic | posterior leg |
| Tibial | behind tibia |
| Common peroneal | side of knee |
| Superficial peroneal | top of fibula |
| deep peroneal | top of tibia |
| Epidural hemorrhage | arterial break in epidural or subdural spaces, building pressure and cause death if not treated |
| Subdural hemorrhage | blood enter inner layer of dura, contacts arachnoid membrane, smaller blood vessels so less blood can be less damaging |
| Dyslexia | disorder affecting the comprehension of written words (occipital and temporal lob problems) |
Combine with other sets
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