| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Herbert Spencer | advocated Social Darwinism |
| mugwumps | party that sought to represent the working man; created secret ballot in US |
| WCTU | sought an end to alcohol sales in the US; provided an outlet for middle-class women |
| "Jim Crow" | laws that seperated white from black in the South |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | declared the separate but equal was legal |
| Ida Wells | muckraker who fought against lynching |
| Populist Party | advocated the free coinage of silver, nationalization of the RRs and income tax |
| Coxey's Army | went to DC to pprotest for free silver |
| William Jennings Bryan | "you shall not crucify mankind on a cross of gold" |
| William McKinley | conducted a front-porch campaign and won the election of 1896 |
| Theodore Roosevelt | a progressive reformer/president; wanted to change the GOP to be progressive |
| Alexander Graham Bell | researcher on hearing and speech. |
| Thomas Edison | american inventor and buisness who made many devices. |
| Charles F. Brush | american pioneer in the development of electricity. |
| Ward Mc Allister | self appointed leader of new york society |
| Jacob Riis | A muckraker journalist, photographer, and social reformer. |
| Tammany Hall | The political machine that controlled NY Politics, and helped immigrants. |
| vaudeville | A genre of a variety entertainment |
| Gibson girl | set what some argue as the first national standard for a feminine beauty ideal |
| tenement | A crowded apartment building in the early 1900's |
| Lincoln Steffens | one of the most famous practitioners of the journalistic style called muckraking |
| Ida Tarbell | Muckraker, wrote against lynching in the South. |
| William Hard | Muckraker, wrote about working conditions |
| Jane Addams | founder of the U.S. Settlement House movement, early Nobel Peace Prize winner |
| Carrie Chapman Catt | elected president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association twice |
| Robert LaFollette | Direct primary, initiative, referendum, recall |
| ballot initiative | Allows citizens to vote directly on laws. |
| Booker T. Washington | Wanted black rights and didn't want to surrender to the white man. |
| WEB DuBois | Just wanted small steps towards black rights. |
| Upton Sinclair | Wrote The Jungle and caused many reforms for the food industry. |
| Pure Food and Drug Act | Enacted by Theodore Roosevelt, it was inspired by The Jungle by Upton Sinclair |
| Sherman Antitrust Act | Got rid of monopolies, trusts, and breaks up US Steel. |
| Clayton Antitrust Act | Amendment to the Sherman Antitrust Act that clarified its bounds. |
| Anthracite Coal Miners' Strike | Strike that threatened the country until Roosevelt stepped in and stopped it. |
| William Howard Taft | Successor to Roosevelt but didn't share the same views and was scared of power. |
| Progressive Party | Bull Moose Party; pushed for 8 hour workday, child labor laws, etc. |
| Woodrow Wilson | Democrat who enacted many of the progressive party's goals |
| Elkins Act | enacted to punish RRs that were taking unfair advantage of their monopoly status |
| Hepburn Act | Allow the ICC to regulate RR rates |
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