35 terms

Terms	Definitions
Origin: Dorsal Ilium, sacrum, coccyx. Insertion: Gluteal Tuberosity. Actions: Forceful thigh extension after flexion (fosbury flop), lateral rotation of thigh, and thigh abduction.	Gluteus Maximus
Origin: Dorsal Ilium Insertion: Greater Trochanter (femur) Actions: This stabilized the pelvis as the leg lifts off the ground, and aids in the abduction of the thigh. It also helps medially rotate the thigh.	Gluteus Medius
Origin: Dorsal Ilium Insertion: Greater Trochanter (femur) Actions: This stablizes the pelvis as the leg lifts off the ground, and it helps medially rotate the thigh.	Gluteus Minimus
Origin: Iliac spine, iliac crest (iliotibial tract) Insertion: Iliotibial Tract (thick portion of fascia latae) Action: This locks the knee when standing (stabilization)	Tensor Fascia Latae
Origin: Starting in the thoracic vertebrae 12, and sacrum. Insertion: Lesser trochanter of the femur via iliopsoas tendon Action: Prime Mover of Hip Flexion	Iliopsoas
Origin: Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine Insertion: Patella and Tibial Tuberosity Actions: Extends knee and flexes thigh at hip.	Rectus Femoris
Origin: Greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, linea aspera Insertion: Patella and Tibial Tuberosity Action: Leg Extension and Knee Stabilization	Vastus Lateralis
Origin: Anterior Lateral surfaces of proximal femur shaft Insertion: Tibial Tuberosity and Patella Action: Knee Extension, and doesn't give as much support as the others.	Vastus Intermedius
Origin: Linea Aspera, Intertrochanteric and medial supracondylar lines. Insertion: Patella and Tibial Tuberosity Action: Knee Extension	Vastus Medialis
Origin: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine Insertion: Winds around medial aspect of knee and inserts into medial aspect of proximal tibia. Actions: Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee; produce the cross-legged position.	Sartorius
Origin: Pubis near pubic symphysis Insertion: Linea Aspera Actions: Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh.	Adductor Longus
Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis. Insertion: Linea Aspera above the adductor longus. Actions: Adducts and medially rotates the thigh.	Adductor Brevis
Origin: Ischial Tuberosity Insertion: Linea Aspera and Adductor Tubercle of Femur Actions: The anterior part adducts and medially rotates and flexes thigh. The posterior part aids in thigh extension. This, for example, helps you dominate with a soccer kick.	Adductor Magnus
Origin: Inferior ramus and body of pubis. Superior, anterior edfe of pubis. Insertion: Medial surface of tibia just inferior to medial condyle. Actions: This adducts the thigh and flexes and medially rotates the leg, especially during walking.	Gracilis
Origin: Superior, anterior edge of the pubis. Insertion: Inferior to the lesser trochanter. Actions: Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the thigh.	Pectineus
Origins: Long Head: Ischial Tuberosity. Short Head: Linea Aspera Insertion: Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia. Actions: Extends the thigh and flexes the knee, also can laterally rotate the leg.	Biceps Femoris
Origin: Ischial Tuberosity Insertion: Medial aspect of the upper tibial shaft. Actions: Extends thigh and flexes knee, can also medially rotate the leg.	Semitendinosus
Origin: Ischial Tuberosity Insertion: Medial aspect of the upper tibial shaft. Actions: Extends the thigh and flexes the knee., can also medially rotate the leg.	Semimembranosus
Origin: From medial and lateral condyles of the femur. Insertion: Posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon. Actions: Plantar flexes foot when the knee is extended, or knee flexion when foot is dorsiflexed.	Gastrocnemius
Origin: Superior tibia and fibula Insertion: Calcaneus via Calcaneal Tendon. Actions: Plantar flexion of the foot, especially when walking.	Soleus
Origin: Lateral Condyle of the Tibia and upper 2/3 of Tibial Shaft; Interosseous Membrane. Insertion: Inferior surface of medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bone. Actions: This is the prime mover of dorsiflexion, it inverts the foot, and assists in supporting the medial longitudinal arch of the foot.	Tibialis Anterior
Origin: Lateral Condyle of Tibia, and superior side of fibula. Insertion: Middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5 via extensor expansion. Actions: Prime mover of toe extensions, and dorsiflexes foot.	Extensor Digitorum Longus
Origin: Distal Anterior surface of fibula, lateral surface of fibula. Insertion: Tendon goes behind lateral malleolus to fifth metatarsal. Actions: Dorsiflexes and everts foot, acts as a sling to pull up arch as well.	Fibularis Longus (Peroneus Longus)
Origin: Iliac Crest then along the spine. Insertion: Intertubercular Groove (upper ant. humerus) Actions: 1) Powerful down strokes. 2) Prime mover of arm extension and hyperextension 3) Powerful arm adductor 4) Depresses scapula.	Latissimus Dorsi
Origin: Transverse process of C1-C4 Insertion: Medial border of scapula Actions: 1) On scapula : Elevates scapula and performs downward rotation of scapula. 2) When scapula fixed: it can flex the neck to the same side.	Levator Scapulae
Origin: Spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae Insertion: Medial border of scapula Action: 1) Retracting scapula, "squaring shoulders" 2) Stabilize scapula, so we can move upper limb.	Rhomboids
Origin: Occipital bone and spinous process of the thoracic vertebrae Insertion: Lateral clavicle and scapula Actions: 1) On scapula (major effects): elevate scapula (upper fibers), depress scapula (lower fibers), retract scapula (middle fibers). 2) On head (minor effects): can perform abduction and extension.	Trapezius
Origin: Clavicle, sternum, and the costal cartilage of the ribs. Insertion: Intertubucular groove (humerus) Actions: 1) Flexes an extended arm or extends a flexed arm. 2) Can also adduct an abducted arm. 3) Basically helps maintain anatomical position.	Pectoralis Major
Origin: Anterior surface of ribs. Insertion: Coracoid process on scapula Actions: 1) It protracts the scapula, and holds the scapula against chest wall (fixator). 2) Abduction and horizontal arm movement "boxer's muscle",	Pectoralis Minor
Origin: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion process, and the spine of scapula. Insertion: Deltoid Tuberosity Actions: This is the prime mover of the shoulder, can provide shoulder flexion, extension, and abduction.	Deltoid
Origin: Subscapular fossa Insertion: Lesser tubercle (humerus) Actions: Medial rotation of shoulder, shoulder extension, and shoulder stabilization.	Subscapularis
Origin: Supraspinous fossa Insertion: Greater Tubercle Actions: Prevents dislocation of shoulder, provides shoulder abduction, and shoulder stabilization.	Supraspinatus
Origin: Infraspinous fossa Insertion: Greater Tubercle Actions: Lateral rotation of shoulder, shoulder extension, and shoulder stabilization.	Infraspinatus
Origin: Posterior, lateral border of scapula. Insertion: Greater Tubercle Actions: Lateral rotation of shoulder, shoulder abduction, shoulder extension, and shoulder stabilization.	Teres Minor
These form a cuff around the humerus, thus unless they are balance concerning muscle tone this can dislocate the shoulder.	Rotator Cuff Muscles

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• "Origin:
  Dorsal Ilium, sacrum, coccyx.
  Insertion:
  Gluteal Tuberosity.
  Actions:
  Forceful thigh extension after flexion (fosbury flop), lateral rotation of thigh, and thigh abduction." image
• "Origin:
  Dorsal Ilium
  Insertion:
  Greater Trochanter (femur)
  Actions:
  This stabilized the pelvis as the leg lifts off the ground, and aids in the abduction of the thigh. It also helps medially rotate the thigh." image
• "Origin:
  Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
  Insertion:
  Patella and Tibial Tuberosity
  Actions:
  Extends knee and flexes thigh at hip." image
• "Origin:
  Greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, linea aspera
  Insertion:
  Patella and Tibial Tuberosity
  Action:
  Leg Extension and Knee Stabilization" image
• "Origin:
  Linea Aspera, Intertrochanteric and medial supracondylar lines.
  Insertion:
  Patella and Tibial Tuberosity
  Action:
  Knee Extension" image
• "Origin:
  Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
  Insertion:
  Winds around medial aspect of knee and inserts into medial aspect of proximal tibia.
  Actions:
  Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee; produce the cross-legged position." image
• "Origin:
  Pubis near pubic symphysis
  Insertion:
  Linea Aspera
  Actions:
  Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh." image
• "Origin:
  Ischial Tuberosity
  Insertion:
  Linea Aspera and Adductor Tubercle of Femur
  Actions:
  The anterior part adducts and medially rotates and flexes thigh.
  The posterior part aids in thigh extension.
  This, for example, helps you dominate with a soccer kick." image
• "Origins:
  Long Head: Ischial Tuberosity. Short Head: Linea Aspera
  Insertion:
  Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia.
  Actions:
  Extends the thigh and flexes the knee, also can laterally rotate the leg." image
• "Origin:
  Ischial Tuberosity
  Insertion:
  Medial aspect of the upper tibial shaft.
  Actions:
  Extends thigh and flexes knee, can also medially rotate the leg." image
• "Origin:
  Ischial Tuberosity
  Insertion:
  Medial aspect of the upper tibial shaft.
  Actions:
  Extends the thigh and flexes the knee., can also medially rotate the leg." image
• "Origin:
  From medial and lateral condyles of the femur.
  Insertion:
  Posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.
  Actions:
  Plantar flexes foot when the knee is extended, or knee flexion when foot is dorsiflexed." image
• "Origin:
  Superior tibia and fibula
  Insertion: Calcaneus via Calcaneal Tendon.
  Actions:
  Plantar flexion of the foot, especially when walking." image
• "Origin:
  Lateral Condyle of the Tibia and upper 2/3 of Tibial Shaft; Interosseous Membrane.
  Insertion:
  Inferior surface of medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bone.
  Actions:
  This is the prime mover of dorsiflexion, it inverts the foot, and assists in supporting the medial longitudinal arch of the foot." image
• "Origin:
  Lateral Condyle of Tibia, and superior side of fibula.
  Insertion:
  Middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5 via extensor expansion.
  Actions:
  Prime mover of toe extensions, and dorsiflexes foot." image
• "Origin:
  Iliac Crest then along the spine.
  Insertion:
  Intertubercular Groove (upper ant. humerus)
  Actions:
  1) Powerful down strokes.
  2) Prime mover of arm extension and hyperextension
  3) Powerful arm adductor
  4) Depresses scapula." image
• "Origin:
  Occipital bone and spinous process of the thoracic vertebrae
  Insertion:
  Lateral clavicle and scapula
  Actions:
  1) On scapula (major effects): elevate scapula (upper fibers), depress scapula (lower fibers), retract scapula (middle fibers).
  2) On head (minor effects): can perform abduction and extension." image
• "Origin:
  Clavicle, sternum, and the costal cartilage of the ribs.
  Insertion:
  Intertubucular groove (humerus)
  Actions:
  1) Flexes an extended arm or extends a flexed arm.
  2) Can also adduct an abducted arm.
  3) Basically helps maintain anatomical position." image
• "Origin:
  Anterior surface of ribs.
  Insertion:
  Coracoid process on scapula
  Actions:
  1) It protracts the scapula, and holds the scapula against chest wall (fixator).
  2) Abduction and horizontal arm movement "boxer's muscle"," image

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