5 Written Questions

1. articulation between two bones
2. pure hinge motion
3. synovial membrane (secretes synovial fluid), synovial fluid (lubricant), articular hyaline cartilage on bone
4. distance between joint/axis of rotation and tendon action upon it
   (larger moment arm = more efficient muscle)
5. uniaxial synovial joint that consists of a round process of a bone that fits into a bony socket and allows rotation
   e.g. rotation between atlas and dens of axis

5 Matching Questions

1. joints in spinal segment
2. moment arms of tendon crossing multiple joints
3. function of articular cartilage lining in lower extremity
4. ligamentous constraint
5. types of angular displacement (rotation)

1. a distribution of weight/pressure
2. b flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, internal/external rotation
3. c varies at different joints
   e.g. same tendon, different moment arms at different joints of same finger
4. d ligaments that act like rubber bands across joints
   constrain rotation and translation
   e.g. MCL, ACL, PCL in knee
5. e 3 joints: 2 synovial facet joints in the posterior and a cartilaginous joint in the anterior

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. multiaxial synovial joint in which a rounded head fits into a concavity
   e.g. hip and shoulder
   1. ball and socket joint
   2. saddle joint
   3. facet joint
   4. plane joint
2. maintain relationship b/t tendon and joint axis
   1. soft tissue slings...
   2. fibrous joints
   3. Types of Joints
   4. joint torque (moment)
3. hinge motion (flexion/extension) AND some translation
   1. types of joint constraints
   2. type of motion at knee
   3. types of motions
   4. Types of Joints
4. 1. fibrous joints
   2. cartilaginous joints
   3. synovial joints
   1. Types of Joints
   2. pivot joint
   3. types of motions
   4. plane joint
5. biaxial synovial joint in which addle shaped heads allow movement in two different planes
   e.g. carpometacarpal joint between trapezium and 1st metacarpal
   1. facet joint
   2. saddle joint
   3. hinge joint
   4. plane joint

5 True/False Questions

1. variety in motion allowed by joints → from much to little or none

   True        False

2. condyloid (ellipsoidal) joint → biaxial synovial joint the permits flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and circumduction
   e.g. most proximal knuckle of index finger

   True        False

3. biaxial synovial joints → ellipsoidal (condyloid) and saddle

   True        False

4. hinge joint → synovial joint (usually uniaxialy) that allows gliding or sliding movement
   example is acromioclavicular joint or facet joint of spine

   True        False

5. characteristics of synovial fluid → acts as a lubricant at joints
   high viscosity
   viscosity increases with increasing load

   True        False