Chapter 3: Introduction to Matter
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 solid | has a definite shape and a definite volume |
| crystalline solid | solids that have a regular, repeating particle pattern |
| amorphous solid | solids that do not have their particles arranged in a regular pattern |
| liquid | has a definite volume but does not have a definite shape |
| fluid | a substance that flows |
| surface tension | the result of the inward pull among the molecules of a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together. |
| viscosity | a liquid's resistance to flowing |
| gas | does not have a definite shape or volume |
| melting | change in state from a solid to a liquid |
| melting point | the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid |
| freezing | change in state from a liquid to a solid |
| vaporization | change in state from a liquid into a gas |
| evaporation | the change from a liquid to a gas that only takes place at the surface of a liquid |
| boiling | the change from a liquid into a gas that takes place at and below the surface of the liquid |
| boiling point | the temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas |
| condensation | the change in state from a gas into a liquid |
| sublimation | the change of state that occurs when a solid directly turns into a gas |
| pressure | is equal to force divided by area |
| Boyle's Law | the pressure of a gas changes inversely with the volume of the gas (as pressure increases, volume decreases) |
| Charles's Law | the temperature and the volume of a gas are directly related (as temperature increases, volume increases) |
| graph | a diagram that tells you how two variables are related |
| origin | the 0,0 point on a graph |
| directly proportional | when one variable increases the other increases as well; produces a straight line graph that passes through the 0,0 point |
| inversely proportional | when one variable goes up, the other variable goes down |
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