History India/China Cards
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Created by:
carlynewman on November 6, 2011
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Aryans | migrated from the Caspian Sea/Asian Steppe in 1500 BC; invaded Dravidians |
| Caste System | Social heirarchy used in Hinduism, made up of Brahmins (priests), Kshatriyas (Warriors), Vaishyas (traders and landowners), Shudras (Laborers and peasants), and untouchables |
| Chandragupta | began the Mauryan Empire by killing King of Nanda, claimed throne in 321 BC; battled Selecus from 305-303 BC; unifies India for the first time |
| Mauryan Empire | began in 321 BC after killing of Nanda king |
| Arhasastra | book on government and rule written by Chandragupta's teacher Kautilya |
| Asoka | Chadragupta's grandson; ruled from 269-232 BC; converted to Buddhism and promoted religious tolerace |
| religious toleration | the acceptance of people who held different religious beliefs |
| Tamil | language spoken by Tamil people who immigrated in 185 BC |
| Gupta Empire | India's second empire; built after Chadra Gupta married into a royal family; from AD 320-500; established a patriarchial society |
| patriarchial | head of household was eldest male |
| matriarchial | head of household was eldest mother/female |
| Mahayana | sect who did not hold on to old beliefs; adapted new teachings and beliefs |
| Theravada | sect who held onto the Buddha's oldest beliefs |
| Stupas | stone structures that were mounted and built over holy relics |
| Brahma | Hinduism God of the World |
| Vishnu | Hinduism preserver |
| Shiva | Hinduism destroyer of the world |
| Kalidasa | one of the India's greatest writers; wrote a play called Shakuntala, and emotionally skillfull writings |
| Silk Roads | Roads used for silk trades of India, Asia, and Rome; Indians acted as middlemen; told to Indians by Asian Nomads |
| Qin Dynasty | replaced the Zhou Dynasty and emerged from Qin; used legalist ideas; around 3 BC |
| Shi Huangdi | ruler of Qin Dynasty in 221 BC; defeated invaders and developed autocracy; died in 210 BC |
| autocracy | government with unlimited power; self ruled |
| Han Dynasty | ruled China for more than 400 years; divided into 4 periods; ruled by 2 Hans; both ruled for about two centuries |
| centralized government | central authority controlling the running of a state |
| Lui Bang | fought Xiang Yu in 202 BC; first emperor of Han Dynasty; lowered taxes and softened punishments; died in 195 BC; general of Xiang Yu |
| Allah | the god of Islam; concept or belief in one god |
| Muhammad | prophet of Hinduism who "spoke" to the angel Gabriel; moved from Mecca in 622 BC; 570-632 AD |
| Islam | "submission to the will of Allah"; spread by Muhammad |
| Muslim | "one who has submitted"; followers of Islam |
| Hijrah | moved from Mecca to Yathrib (Medina) by Muhammad in 622 AD; attracted followers |
| Mosque | an Islamic house of worship used for prayer five times a day |
| Hajj | pilgrimage to Mecca that Muslims should complete at least once in their lifetime unless physically or not financially able |
| Quran | holy book of Islam written in Arabic; only Arabic considered real words of Allah |
| Caliph | successor or deputy |
| Umayyads | family that came to power after Ali; moved capital to Damascus; caused split in Muslim community |
| Shi'a | group that believed caliph should be a descendent of Muhammad; believed Sunni's were wrong |
| Sunni | group that did not believe a caliph should be a descendent of Muhammad; followed Muhammad's example; believed Shias were wrong |
| Sufi | pursued a life of poverty and spirtual devotion; did not live luxurious lives |
| Abbasids | took control of empire in 750 AD; in 762 moved capital to Baghdad; made a single currency Dinar; murdered remaining Umayyads |
| Al Andulus | fled to Spain and set up |
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