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viceroy colonial Governors appointed by the king of spain to rule new spain to rule new spain and peru peninsulares spaniards born in spain members of the most privileged Social Class in Spanish America creoles people of spain ancestry who were born in New Spain. Second most privileged mestizos people of mixed Spanish and Indian ancestry members of lower social class haciendas large estates, granted by the king or Spain. economy system of producing goods and services. The haciendas formed a lot of this mission America was the mission. They are religious settlements founded by priests for the purpose of spreading the Catholic Faith. ranchos cattle ranches-tough, longhorn steer were bred. plaza A large public square. In this there was viceroy's palace and a great cathedral, the cathedral was the church of the archbishop. mercantilism a system of international trade based on colonies and the desire for wealth. Under this system country tried to build up a large supply of gold and silver. raw materials Natural resources used to make other goods. colonists were supposed to buy finished goods made in the parent country. piracy robbery at sea. plundered Robbed rich towns along the coast of Spanish America. The stolen goods in the rich towns are snatched by pirates, worth millions of dollars. booty Stolen goods invincible incapable of being beaten, it was called the Invincible Armada- the unconquerable fleet. joint stock companies The solution that business owners and merchants found was to start this. These where trading companies backed by investors. investors people who out money into a project in order to earn profits. Each investor received share of stock. charter The english Crown decided to grant this. It is a paper giving certain rights to a person or group. proprietors Nobles who used there own money to start colonies. indentured servants An english man or woman who exchanged usually 4 to 7 years of labor for passage to American Colonies. They agreed to work for a colonist for a certain length of time.