| Term | Definition |
| lament | to mourn or express sorrow in a demonstrative manner |
| raucous | loud and boisterous; harsh, disorderly |
| rhetoric | the art of using words effectively in speaking or writing |
| squander | to spend wastefully or extravagently |
| virulent | extremely infectious, malignant, or poisonous |
| wan | unnaturally pale; lacking vitality. |
| burnish | to make smooth or shiny by polishing. |
| didactic | intended to instruct. |
| epitaph | an inscription in memory of a dead person (usually on a tombstone). |
| diffident | lacking or marked by a lack of self-confidence; shy and timid. |
| astute | marked by practical hardheaded intelligence; sagacious. |
| trifling | insignificant; frivolous. |
| zeal | enthusiastic pursuit of a cause, ideal, or goal. |
| austere | stern and cold in appearance or manner; severe. |
| beguile | to mislead with skillful trickery; to persuade with charm. |
| bestow | to present as a gift or honor. |
| disdain | to regard or treat with haughty contempt; despise. |
| extemporaneous | carried out or performed with little or no preparation; impromptu. |
| flout | to treat with contempt; scorn. |
| complacent | contented to a fault; self-satisfied and unconcerned. |
| malady | a disease or unwholesome condition; disorder. |
| perfunctory | done routinely and with little interest or care. |
| fallacy | a deceptive, misleading, or false notion, belief, etc. |
| quandary | a state of uncertainty or perplexity. |
| vacillate | to swing indecisively from one course of action or opinion to another. |