| Term | Definition |
|---|
| xylem | tubes that transport water and minerals in vascular plants |
| phloem | tubes that transport food in vascular plants |
| chlorophyll | pigment, or coloring matter, that helps plants use light energy to produce sugars |
| nitrogen cycle | the cycle in which nitrogen gas is changed into forms of nitrogen that plants can use |
| carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle | the process by which carbon and oxygen cycle among plants, animals, and the physical environment |
| spore | a single reproductive cell that grows into a new plant |
| gymnosperm | a plant with unprotected seeds; conifers or cone-bearing plants |
| pollen | flower structures that contain the male reproductive cells |
| angiosperm | a flowering plant |
| photosynthesis | the process by which plants make food |
| epidermis | the outer layer of cells of a leaf |
| palisade layer | the layer of cells in a leaf where most photosynthesis occurs |
| cellular respiration | process by which cells release energy from food in order to carry on life processes |
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