Chapter 4 Earth and Moon
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34 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 apogee | point of the moon's orbit farthest from the earth |
| atmosphere | envelope of gases surrounding the earth |
| autumnal equinox | first day of autumnal |
| eclipse | total or partial blocking out of the sun or the moon |
| equator | imaginary line around the earth that divides the earth into hemispheres parallel halfway between the North and South Poles |
| equinox | date on which day and night are of equal length |
| full moon | phase of the moon when the entire lighted side of the moon is visible |
| hemisphere | northern or southern half of the Earth |
| highlands | moutains on the moon |
| high Tide | bulge in the ocean on the side of the earth facing the moon and on the opposite |
| hydrosphere | part of the Earth's surface covered by water |
| low tide | lowest level of the ocean that occurs between the two high tides |
| lunar | referring to the moon |
| lunar eclipse | blocking out of the moon when the moon passes through the Eath's shadow |
| magnetosphere | magnetic field of the Earth |
| maria | dark, broad, smooth lowland area on the moon |
| neap tide | lower high tide than normal that occurs during the first and last quarter phases of the moon |
| new moon | phase of the moon when it is not visible in the sky |
| penumbra | outer area of a shadow cast by one object in space onto another object in space in which the light is only partly blocked |
| perigee | point of the moon's orbit closest to the Earth |
| rille | long valley on the moon |
| solar eclipse | eclipse of the sun that occurs when the moon is directly between the sun and the Earth |
| spring tide | higher high tide that occurs during the full and new moon phases |
| summer solstice | time of year when the Northern Hemisphere has its longest day and the Southern Hemisphere has its shortest day |
| tide | rise and fall of the oceans caused by the moon's gravitational pull of the Earth |
| total eclipse | total blocking out of the moon when the moon passes through the umbra of the Earth's shadow |
| umbra | inner area of a shadow cast by one object in space onto another objecvt in space in which the light is completely blocked out |
| Van Allen Radiation Belt | band of high radiation around the Earth that caputres particles given off by the sun |
| Vernal Equinox | first day of spring |
| waning-crescent | phase of the moon between one-half and new moon when the lighted area of the moon appears to grow smaller |
| waning-gibbous | phase of the moon between full and one-half when the lighted area of the moon appears to grow smaller |
| waxing-crescent | phase of the moon between the new moon and one-half moon when lighted area of the moon appears to grow larger |
| waxing-gibbous | phase of the moon between phase of the moon between one-half and full when lighted areas of the moon appears to grow larger |
| winter solstice | time of year when the Northern Hemisphere has its shortest day and the Southern Hevisphere has its longest day |
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