Calcium Channel Blockers and Antiangina
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Created by:
gr_thompson on November 7, 2011
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42 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Hypotension: Signs and Symptoms | Dizziness, Lightheadedness, Fainting, Confusion |
| Hypotension: Prevention | "start low and go slow", monitor |
| Angina definition | chest pain |
| All antihypertensives can cause | hypotension (BP < 90) or bradycardia (HR < 60) |
| Bradycardia: Signs and Symptoms | Dizziness, Lightheadedness, Fainting, Fatigue, Blurred Vision |
| Bradycardia: Prevention | "Start low and go slow", monitor |
| 2 Tyes of Ca++ Channel Blockers (CCB) | Dihydropyridines (DHP) Non-dihydropyridines (non-DHP) |
| Dihydropyridine Mechanism | Block Ca++ in vascular smooth muscle, Affect BP |
| Non-DHP Mechanism | Block Ca++ in cardiac cells, Affect HR |
| DHP naming tip | End in "-pine" |
| DHP Indication | HTN |
| Non-DHP Indications | HTN, angina, and arrhythmias |
| 2 generic non-DHPs | Verapamil Diltiazem |
| Atrial Fibrillation | Erratic signals from the atria, SA node fires too rapidly, quivering instead of contracting, trouble pumping efficiently (blood can clot) |
| How do CCBs affect Atrial Fibrillation? | Slow down the rate |
| CCB Adverse Effects | Edema, Constipation, Flushing, Headache |
| How to monitor edema? | daily weighings to check for water retention |
| Which CCB is most frequently prescribed to control HR? | non-DHPs |
| Amlodipine (Norvasc) Drug Interactions | Conivaptan (vassopressin antagonist), Pimozide (antipsychotic) |
| Amlodipine/Benazepril (Lotrel) Drug Interactions | Conivaptan (vassopressin antagonist), Pimozide (antipsychotic) |
| Diltiazem (Cardizem, Cartia, Tiazac) Drug Interactions | Conivaptan (vassopressive antagonist), Pimozide (antipsychotic), Tolvaptan (vassopressin antagonist) |
| Felodipine (Plendil) Drug Interactions | Conivaptan (vassopressive antagonist), Pimozide (antipsychotic) |
| Nifedipine (Procardia, Nifedical XL, Adalet CC) Drug Interactions | Conivaptan (vassopressive antagonist), Pimozide (antipsychotic) |
| Verapamil (Isoptin, Calan, Verelen) Drug Interactions | Conivaptan (vassopressive antagonist), Disopyramide (antiarrhythmic), Dofetilide (antiarrhythmic), Pimozide (antipsychotic), Silodosin (alpha 1 blocker), Topotecan (antineoplastic agent) |
| Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitroquick) Mechanism | Vasodialtor |
| Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitroquick) Indications | Acute angina treatment |
| Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitroquick) forms | sublingual tablet, patch, or injection |
| How many tablets of NTG can a patient take before reporting to the ER? | 3 |
| Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitroquick) Dosing | PRN, Still having chest pain take another (up to 3) |
| Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitroquick) Adverse Effects | Headache (50%), Dizziness, Hypotension |
| Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitroquick) Storage | Away from light, air, moisture, Tightly sealed glass bottle (easy open), Be aware of expiration date, Should taste bitter & produce tingling |
| Isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur) Mechanism | Vasodilator |
| Isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur) Indications | angina prevention |
| Isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur) forms | tablet |
| Isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur) Dosing | Scheduled, 30 - 120 mg/day |
| Isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur) Adverse Effects | Headache, Dizziness Take aspirin or tylenol for headache prevention |
| Which drugs cause hyperkalemia? | ACEIs, ARBs, K+ Sparing diuretics |
| Which drugs cause sensitivity to sunlight? | loop diuretics and thiazides |
| Which drugs end in "-artan"? | ARBs |
| Which drugs should not be discontinued abruptly? | beta-blockers and clinidine |
| What is the first-line drug for HTN? | thiazides |
| Which drugs have a contraindicated history of angioedema? | ACEIs |
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