| Term | Definition |
| aphorism | a concise statement that expresses an abstract truth |
| dirge | a mournful song for the dead |
| parable | a short allegorical story containing a moral principle |
| transcendentalism | a spiritual movement emphasizing a communion with nature and rejecting materialism |
| cacophony | the clash of discordant sounds within a sentence |
| trope | a figure of speech or expression using words in non-literal ways |
| anagorisis | the moment of realizing the truth |
| bathos | anticlimax, an abrupt transition from the sublime to the ridiculous |
| pathos | the feeling of pity and compassion |
| lugubrious | a gloomy tone |
| strident | a harsh and loud sounding tone word |
| hyperbole | obvious exaggeration |
| equivocal | uncertain because of different meanings |
| euphemism | the mild substitution of offensive expressions |