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coelacanth paddlelike pectoral and pelvic fins connect fish to amphibians mola largest bony fish; lie on side near surface; large dorsal and anal fins anglerfish/viperfish wide-opening mouths; bioluminescence sea horse wrap tails around substrates; male carries eggs; snout for eating flounder eyes migrate to one side; camouflage porcupine fish spike; inflates stomach flying fish caudal fin launches out of water; pectoral fins used to glide how to determine age in bony fish counting bands of circuli skin adaptation secrete mucus to cover scales functions of mucus barrier against infection; reduces friction operculum covering over gills direction of water for breathing in through mouth out of gills gill rakers structure to keep food out of gills nekton marine animals that swim use of dorsal/anal fins stabilization use of pectoral/pelvic fins direction use of caudal fin thrust fastest fish swordfish second fastest fish tuna third fastest fish dolphinfish slowest fish barracuda factors of speed in fish shape; caudal fin height; body temperature ectothermic cold-blooded swim bladder controls buoyancy in fish neutral buoyancy ability to maintain neutral buoyancy digestive system one way ways to eliminate waste anus; gills; urinary pores circulatory system closed ways to respond to the environment inner ear, lateral line organ, swim bladder, nares, eyes spawning release of gametes into water first stage of life cycle egg stage second stage of life cycle larval stage third stage of life cycle postlarval stage fourth stage of life cycle juvenille stage fifth stage of life cycle adult stage