| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Faisal | King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975. Main foreign policy themes were pan-Islamic (pro Muslim world), anti-Communist, and anti-Zionism |
| Ibn Saud | first monarch of Saudi Arabia. His later reign saw the discovery of petroleum in Saudi Arabia in 1938 |
| Suez | Eqypt/connects Mediteranian to Red/1869/gave Europeans direct route to India/no locks/Great Britain got control in 1875 |
| Suez Canal | Egyptian waterway connecting the Mediterranean and Red seas; built in 1869 by Franco-Egyptian company; in 1875 Britain bought Egypt's share in the canal |
| The British Mandate Ended in 1948 triggering- | The Arab League declared its refusal to recognize the UN res. and the 2-state sol, favoring a 1-state sol. run by an Arab majority. This triggered Arab Israeli War from which Israel emerged victorious. |
| Nasser | Nasir, Gamal Abd al; aka Nasser. Leader of the 1952 Military coup that overthrew the Egypt's monarchy; later Prime Minister; then President (1954-1970); also known as Nasser. |
| Millet System | Millet System- Confessional community, ethnic origin. 19th century, Tanzimat reforms, minority group other than ruling Sunni. The Millets had a great deal of power, they set their own laws and collected their own taxes. |
| Ka'ba | ) Ka'bah a cube shaped structure that housed idols (360) standing for various dieties by tribal Arabs. |
| Hijaz | The moutain ranges of western Arabia. Significant because the mountain range protected the western Arabia from attack |
| Hijrah | The Hijrah- Emigration (flight) of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina. It happened 622,Year 1 Muslim calendar. |
| 5 Pillars of Islam | 1) Witness or Testimony 2) Worship (Salat) 3) Fasting (Sawm) 4) Tithing (Zakat) 5) Pilgrimage (Hajj) The Hajj or Pilgrimage to Mecca during the 12th month of the Muslim year. |
| Sunni | A Muslim who accepts the legitimacy of the caliphs who succeeded Muhammad and adheres to one of the legal rights developed in the early caliphal period |
| Shi'i | Shi'i: Similar to catholic faith with priests, Imams (Strong religious leader divinely appointed) Shi'is reject all other caliphs and all Ali's successors because they are not connected to Muhammad. |
| FRP- Four Reserved Points | Egypt's Attempt at a Solution; British Commission, headed by Lord Milner; High commssnr Allenby declared end to the protectorate Feb. 28, 1922; "Four Reserved Points" The declaration limited the independence by reserving British control, future pending Anglo-Egyptian agreement; 1) Protection of the British imperial Communication Systems 2) Defense against foreign agression, 3) Protection of foreign interests and minorities in the country, and 4) administration of Sudan. |
| Nizan-i-jidid | 1789 Sultan Selim III planned infamous ________renewal of military or new order. |
| Vezir or Grand Vezir? | After the Tanzimat period of the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century, the grand viziers came to assume a role more like that of the prime ministers of contemporary Western monarchies. |
| Battle of Badr | The battle of Badr was the most important among the Islamic battles of Destiny. For the first time the followers of the new faith were put into a serious test. Had victory been the lot of the pagan army while the Islamic Forces were still at the beginning of their developments, the faith of Islam could have come to an end. |
| Battle of Uhud (Muslim reaction to) | Per Qur'an, loss largely the result of money becoming all powerful |
| Battle Uhud | 2nd battle between the Meccans and the Muslims, preceded by the Battle of Badr in 624, where a small Muslim army had defeated the larger Meccan army. Marching out from Mecca towards Medina on 11 March 625, the Meccans desired to avenge their losses at Badr and strike back at Muhammad |
| Battle of Bar | 624The most important Islamic battles of Destiny where a small Muslim (Mmd) army had defeated the larger Meccan army. |
| American Univ Beruit | In 1862 Founded by American missionaries active in the M.E., translated Arabic to English, recognized the need for a secular institution to impart notions of patriotism, republicanism, and the preservation of individual liberties. |
| Damascus | What is the capital of the country whose western border includes Lebanon? |
| Nasser | Nasir, Gamal Abd al; aka Nasser. Leader of the 1952 Military coup that overthrew the Egypt's monarchy; later Prime Minister; then President (1954-1970); also known as Nasser. |
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