| Term | Definition |
|---|
| active transport | the movement of a substance across a cell membrane, with an expenditure of energy, against its concentration or electrochemical gradient; mediated by specific transport proteins |
| sodium-potassium pump | a transport protein in the plasma embrane of animal cells that actively transport sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell |
| membrane potential | the difference in electrical charge (voltage) across a cell's plasma membrane, due to the differential distribution of ions. it affects the activity of excitable cells and the transmembrane movement of all charged substances |
| electrochemical gradient | the diffusion gradient of an ion, which is affected by both the concetration differences of the ion across a membrane (a chemical force) and the ion's tendency to move relative to the membrane potential (an electrical force) |
| electrogenetic pump | an ion transport protein that generates voltage across a membrane |
| proton pump | an active transport protein in a cell membrane that uses ATP to transport hydrogen ions out of a cell against their concentration gradient, generating a membrane potential in the process |
| cotransport | a single ATP-powered pump that transports a specific solute can indirectly drive the active transprot of several other solutes |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace
!