FS chapter 5 study guide
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46 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Physical dependence | physiological need for a drug that been brought about by its regular use |
| Psychological dependence | conditioned use of a drug caused by underlaying emotional needs |
| screening test | a test that nonspecific an preliminary in nature |
| spectrophotometry | an analytical method for identifying a substance by exposing it to a specific type of electromagnetic radiation |
| stimulant | a substance taken to increse alertness or activity |
| ultraviolet | invisible long frequencies of light beyound violet in the visible spectrum |
| anabolic steroids | steroids that promote muscle growth |
| analgestic | a drug or stubstance that lessens or eliminates pain |
| chromatography | a means of seperating and tentatively identifying the components of a mixture |
| confirmation | a single test that specifically identifies a substance |
| depressent | a substances that depresses the functions of the central nervous system |
| fluoresce | to emit visible light when exposed to light of a shorter wavelength |
| hallucinagen | a substance that indused change in mood, attitude, thought processes, and perceptions |
| infrared | invisible short frequences of light before red in the visible spectrum |
| ion | an atom or molecule bearing a positive or negitive charge |
| microcrystalline test | tests to identify specific substances by the color a morphology of crystals formed when the substance is mixed with specific reagents |
| monochromatic light | light having a single wavelength frequency |
| monochromater | a decice used to isolate wavelengths or frequences of light |
| narcotic | an analgesic or pain-killing substance that depresses vital body functions shch as blood pressure, pulse rate, and breathing rate |
| Durg | A natural or synthetic substance that is used to produce physiological or psychological effects in humans or other higher-order animals |
| opiates | a type of narcotic drug and the source of most narcotic drugs |
| Bariturates | also known and downers because they relax the user, create a sense of wellbeing and produce sleep |
| Huffing | the sniffing of materials containing volatile solvents, freon and things of this nature |
| Amphetamine | a group of synthetic stimulants that share a similar chemical structure and are known as uppers of speed |
| Schedule 1 drugs | have no medical value in the united states and have a high potential for abuse |
| schedule 2 drugs | may have medical value in the united stated and have a high potential for abues |
| How many people in the united states use illicit drugs? | 23 million |
| list some psychological reasons for drug use? | desire to create a sence of well being, to escape from reality, seek relief from personal problems and stressful situations, and sustin a physical and emotial state that permits an improved level of performance. |
| list some withdrawal symptoms linked with physical dependence of a drug? | body chills, vomiting, stomach cramps, convulsions, insomnia, pain, hallucinations |
| what is the mot frequently used opium derivative? | heroin |
| what is the best known synthetic opiate? | methadone |
| why is OxyContin so addictive? | it is closely related morphine or heroin |
| what is the most widely used illicit drug in the united states? | Marijuana |
| how can marijuana be used for medical benefit? | the reduction of excessive eye pressure in glaucoma and the lessening of nausea caused by powerful anticancer drugs |
| what is LSD derived from? | a type of fungus that attacks grasses and grains |
| what makes PCP so dangerous? | severe depression, tendencies toward violence, suicide, and it can cause schizophrenic behavior |
| what is the most abused drug in the united states? | Alcohol |
| list some examples of depressants? | Alcohol, Bariturates, Antiphyschotic, and antianxiety drugs |
| what damage can huffing do to the human body? | liver, heart, and brain damage, also risk of immediate death |
| why do many people use cocaine? | to increase productivity at work and to keep going when they are tired |
| what are GHB (ecstasy) and rohypnol associated with? | sexual assault, rape, and robbery |
| why are anabolic steroids so dangerous? | masculinizing effect in females, infertility, an diminished sex drive in males. for teenagers, result in premature halting of bone growth, and they are associated with anger issues |
| what is the most common type of screen test? | color test |
| list three types of confirmation test? | microcrystalline test, chromatography, spectrophotometry |
| what are two types of chromatography? | thin-layer and gas chromatography |
| what type of spectrophotometry is most affective for identifying drugs? | infrared Spectrophotometry |
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