Intro to Immune System
Order by
65 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Immunity | protection against infectious diseases |
| immunology | study of immune system |
| Natural immunity | body's ability to respond to infection |
| Active immunity | derived from infections |
| Passive immunity | antibodies passed from mother to newborn |
| Innate Immunity | inborn; non-specific |
| Adaptive/Acquired Immunity | slow activation; profound effects on infectious agents |
| Induced Immunity | Vaccination |
| Lymphocytes | main cell type of immune system; B cells, T cells, NK cells |
| B cells are involved in | humoral immunity |
| innate immunity includes (5) | skin, mucous membranes, digestive enzymes, phagocytes, NK cells |
| Adaptive Immunity includes (2) | B cells and T cells |
| Vaccination | agents with reduced toxicity |
| B Cells respond to | extracellular agents of any type |
| Activated B cells differentiate to become (2) | Plasma cells or memory cells |
| Plasma cells | produce & secrete antibodies |
| T cells are involved in | cell-mediated immunity |
| T cells respond to | intracellular peptides |
| T cells include (3) | CT cells, Helper T cells, memory cells |
| NK cells | identify & bind to abnormal cells, and release chemicals to destroy them |
| Generative lymphoid organs | Bone Marrow & Thymus. Origin of lymphocytes |
| Peripheral lymphoid organs | lymph nodes & spleen |
| Lymph nodes-B cells are concentrated in | Follicles |
| Germinal center | lymph node follicles that contain active B cells |
| Lymph nodes-T cells concentrated in | paracortex |
| Spleen-B cells concentrated in | follicles |
| Spleen-T cells concentrated in | Periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths (PALS) |
| cytokines | stimulate inflammation and lymphocyte response |
| Specificity in adaptive immunity | ensures that distinct antigens elicit specific responses |
| Diversity in adaptive immunity | enables immune system to respond to a large number of antigens |
| Memory in adaptive immunity | enhances response to repeated exposures to the same antigen |
| Clonal Expansion in adaptive immunity | increases the number of antigen-specific lymphocytes |
| Specialization in adaptive immunity | generates responses that are optimal for defense against different types of microbes |
| Contraction and homeostasis in adaptive immunity | allows immune system to respond to newly encountered antigens |
| Nonreactivity to self | prevents injury to the host during responses to foreign antigens |
| Primary immune response | response to first exposure to antigen |
| primary immune response is mediated by | naive lymphocytes |
| Secondary immune response | response to subsequent encounters of the same antigen |
| Secondary immune response is mediated by | memory lymphocytes |
| Adaptive immune response Step 1 | infection |
| Adaptive immune response Step 2 | Antigen recognition |
| Adaptive immune response Step 3 | lymphocyte activation |
| Adaptive immune response Step 4 | antigen elimination |
| Adaptive immune response Step 5 | Contraction/homeostasis |
| Contraction/homeostasis | apoptosis of effector lymphocytes produced in response to an infection |
| Adaptive immune response Step 6 | memory |
| 2 types of adaptive immunity | humoral and cell-mediated |
| Humoral immunity | antibody-mediated |
| humoral immunity includes | B cells |
| Cell-mediated immunity includes | T cells |
| Naive Cells | Lymphocytes that have not been exposed to an antigen |
| Monocytes differentiate into | macrophages or dendritic cells |
| Effector Cells | T cells that have been exposed to an antigen & have an effect against it |
| Phagocytes are usually | macrophages |
| Phagocytes | cells that ingest microbes or infected cells |
| Follicular Zone | area of lymph nodes and spleen where B cells are stored |
| Parafollicular Zone | area outside of follicular zone |
| Antibodies | highly specified reagents for detecting a wide variety of molecules in circulation, cells, & tissues |
| Antibodies are secreted by | B cells |
| Antigen | substance produced by microbes as well as noninfectious molecules |
| Antigens trigger | adaptive immunity |
| Marginal Zone | edge of follicular zone of spleen |
| Marginal zone B cells are involved in | rapid antibody response to blood-borne, carbohydrate-rich microbes |
| Paracortex | area of lymph nodes that contain T cells |
| How is the separation of B and T lymphocytes maintained in the lymph nodes? | FDCs secrete a chemokine that naive B cells have a receptor for |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.