| Term | Definition |
|---|
| trait | a physical characteristic, such as hair color, height, tone of voice, etc |
| inherited | (adj) a trait which was passed down in your genes from your parents |
| acquired | (adj) a trait which was NOT passed down in genes, but occurred during your lifetime |
| homologous | (adj) two chromosomes in a cell, which share the same genes in the same place |
| karyotype | a picture of the chromosomes from a cell, arranged by size |
| diploid | a cell which has two copies of each chromosome (the chromosomes are in pairs) |
| haploid | a cell which has only one copy of each chromosome (the chromosomes are NOT in pairs) |
| meiosis | the process in which haploid gametes are made |
| gamete | a haploid reproductive cell |
| ovaries | the female reproductive organs which create gametes |
| testes | the male reproductive organs which create gametes |
| sexual | (adj) the type of reproduction in which genes from two different parents combine to make unique offspring |
| asexual | (adj) the type of reproduction in which a single parent makes a clone |
| genetic variation | diversity in genes among individuals in a population or species |
| crossing over | a process in which genes are exchanged between homologous chromosomes in meiosis |
| tetrad | a unit of two homologous chromosomes which are temporarily joined during crossing over in meiosis |
| independent assortment | the concept that each pair of homologous chromosomes lines up independent of others in meiosis |
| zygote | a diploid cell created by the union of two gametes |
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