Science Vocabulary For Earthquakes And Volcanoes

7 Written Questions

1. instrument used to register earthquake waves and record the time that each arrived
2. opening in Earth's surface that erupts sulfurous gases, ash, and lava; can form at Earth's plate boundaries, where plates move apart or together, and at hot spots
3. in an earthquake, the point below Earth's surface where energy is released in the form of seismic waves
4. igneous rock feature formed when magma is squeezed into a horizontal crack between layers of rock and hardens underground
5. opening where magma is forced up and flows out onto Earth's surface as lava, forming a volcano
6. vibrations produced when rocks break along a fault
7. break in rock caused by tension forces, where rock above the fault surface moves down relative to the rock below the fault surface

6 Multiple Choice Questions

1. break in rock caused by compression forces, where rock above the fault surface moves upward relative to the rock below the fault surface
   1. fault
   2. strike-slip fault
   3. reverse fault
   4. normal fault
2. the result of an unusually hot area at the boundary between Earth's mantle and core that forms volcanoes when melted rock is forced upward and breaks through the crust
   1. focus
   2. hot spot
   3. volcano
   4. vent
3. dome shaped igneous intrusion that is smaller than a batholith
   1. focus
   2. fault
   3. laccolith
   4. batholith
4. steep-walled depression around a volcano's vent
   1. vent
   2. crater
   3. fault
   4. caldera
5. wave generated by an earthquake
   1. epicenter
   2. seismograph
   3. seismic wave
   4. earthquake
6. break in rock caused by shear forces, where rocks move past each other without much vertical movement
   1. normal fault
   2. strike-slip fault
   3. reverse fault
   4. seismic wave

6 True/False Questions

1. epicenter → steep-walled depression around a volcano's vent

   True        False

2. volcanic neck → opening in Earth's surface that erupts sulfurous gases, ash, and lava; can form at Earth's plate boundaries, where plates move apart or together, and at hot spots

   True        False

3. caldera → large, circular-shaped opening formed when the top of a volcano collapses

   True        False

4. dike → igneous rock feature formed when magma is squeezed into a horizontal crack between layers of rock and hardens underground

   True        False

5. fault → surface along which rocks move when they pass their elastic limit and break

   True        False

6. batholith → dome shaped igneous intrusion that is smaller than a batholith

   True        False