Biology Test 2
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Created by:
StarryIdGrl on November 10, 2011
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48 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Charles Darwin | Branching Descent Natural Selection |
| First true cells were. . . | Prokaryotic |
| Biological Evolution | A change in life forms that has taken place in the past and will take place in the future |
| DNA | Holds the code |
| DNA | Makes RNA |
| RNA | Makes protein |
| Homologies | The construction of family trees in based on shared similarities and gene sequences |
| Convergence | Similarities that result from common ancestry should also be similar at a smaller level of detail |
| Steven Jay Gould | Punctuated Equilibrium |
| Punctuated Equilibrium | Species remain static for long periods of time and then change abruptly |
| Natural selection | Mutation, Variation, Selection pressures |
| Bible-based creationists | Use a bible account of creation and reject and scientific account that conflicts with scripture |
| Intelligent design creationists | Work within the framework of science to find evidence of design in nature and state that biological systems are so complex that only an intelligent designer could have made them |
| Theistic evolutionists | Believe that God created the universe and all life and believe that evolution is, in fact, God's creative process and part of the plan |
| Genetics | The study of biological traits |
| Allele | Variant of a gene. Can be dominant or recessive and are the basis of varied traits |
| Somatic cells | Non sex cells. Contain a full complement of chromosomes. Characteristic to their species. Referred to as the diploid number of chromosomes |
| Gametes | Sex cells. Cells which carry genetic information for sexual reproduction, Contain one half compliment for chromosomes characteristic to their species. Referred to as the haploid number of chromosomes |
| Polygenic inheritance | The additive effect of two or more genes on a single phenotype |
| Sickle cell anemia | Red blood cells are not concave |
| Mutation | Any change in the nucleotide sequence in RNA |
| Testis | Paired gonads within scrotum, sperm and steroids are produced here |
| Epididymis | Tightly coiled duct where sperm maturation occurs |
| Vas deferens | Delivers sperm through abdomen to ejaculatory duct |
| Urethra | Duct through penis where sperm and urine exit |
| Semen | Seminal fluid, contains sperm, fluid and ATP producing nutrients |
| Prostate Gland | Adds fluid to semen |
| Seminal vesicles | Contribute nutrients to semen |
| Bulbourethral Gland | Contributes mucoid fluid to semen |
| Hypothalamus | Secretes gonadotropin releasing hormone |
| Ovaries | Produce eggs and steroid hormones |
| Oviducts | Conduct the egg to the uterus, fertilization occurs here |
| Ovulation day is typically. . . | Day 14 |
| Corona Radiata | Cells from follicle that nourished egg in ovary |
| Zona pellucida | Layer that covers plasma membrane- will form fertilization envelope |
| Sperm Head | Contains sperm nucleus and acrosome |
| Sperm acrosome | Contains enzymes. |
| Stanly Miller's Experiment 1952 | Amino acids, simple sugars, and most of the building blocks for DNA and RNA were produced. |
| Troposphere | Give off radio waves |
| Stratosphere | Contains ozone, created weather |
| The greenhouse effect | The process in which the absorption of infrared radiation by an atmosphere warms a planet |
| Reaction of photosynthesis | CO2+H2O=(CH2O)+O2 |
| Xylem | Transports water |
| Phloem | Transports sugars. |
| Leaves | Site of gas exchange. Co2 in and O2 out. |
| Hypotonic | Less solute than the cell. Higher water concentration. |
| Hypertonic | More solute than the cell. Lower water concentration. |
| Isotonic | Same solute as the cell. Water comes in and goes out. Bad for plant. |
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