1.
apnea: temporary cessation of breathing (one or more skipped breaths)
2.
asthma: allergens trigger the release of hisstamines and other inflammatory chemicals that cause intense bronchoconstriction
3.
Cellular Respiration: uses oxygen in chemical reactions that release energy
4.
COPD: long term obstruction of airflow and a substantial reduction in pulmonary ventilation
5.
dyspnea: labored (gasping) breathing (shortness of breath)
6.
emphysema: alveolar walls break down and the surface area of the lungs is reduced
7.
eupnea: normal, relaxed, quiet breathing
8.
expiratory reserve volume: amount of air that can be exhaled during forced breathing
9.
how do movements of the ribs and diaphragm bring about inspiration?: the diaphragm flattens and the ribs move up and out
10.
how is oxygen carried in the blood?: haemoglobin in the red blood cells
11.
how many bronchial tubes branch off into the lungs?: two
12.
Hyaline cartilage has what primary function?: support the trachea
13.
hyperpnea: increased rate and depth of breathing in response to exercise or pain
14.
hyperventilation: reduced pulmonary ventilation in excess of metabolic demand
15.
hypoventilation: reduced pulmonary ventilation
16.
inspiratory reserve volume: amount of air that be inhaled during forced breating
17.
list the structures that passes in order on its way from the nose to the alveoli: nasal cavitiy, trachea, larynx, pharynx, bronchioles, and bronchi.
18.
orthopnea: dyspnea (labored, gasping breathing, shortness of breath) that occurs when a person is laying down
19.
oxygen from the air enters the blood stream at what location?: alveoli
20.
pneumonia: lower respiratory infection that causes fluid build up in the lungs
21.
residual volume: amount of air remaining in the lungs after a forced exhalation
22.
respiratory arrest: pernament cessation of breathing
23.
Respiratory System: the body system that functions to get oxygen from he environment and remove carbon dioxide and waste products from your body
24.
sleep apnea: cessation of breathing for 10 seconds or longer during sleep
25.
tachypnea: accelerated respiration
26.
the space at the back of the mouth that leads either to the airway or the esophagus is the...: pharnx
27.
the trachea leads to the...: bronchi
28.
tidal volume: amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath under resting conditions
29.
total lung capacity: total volume of air that the lungs can hold
30.
vital capacity: maximum amount of air that can expired after taking the deepest breath possible
31.
what are the smallest tubes that carry oxygen?: bronchials
32.
what controls the rate of breathing?: CO2 levels in the blood
33.
what divides the left and right side of the nasal cavity?: septums
34.
what gas is removed by the lungs?: carbon dioxide
35.
what gas is taken in by the lungs in orer to provide this gas to the rest of the body?: oxygen
36.
what is another name for the pharynx?: throat
37.
what is another word for trachea?: windpipe
38.
what is meant by the phrase "gas exchange"?: addition of oxygen to the blood and the removal of carbon dioxide
39.
what is the function mocous and cilia lining the respiratory system?: trap dust particles
40.
what is the function of the respiratory system?: gas exchange
41.
what is the process by which oxygen moves from the alveoli into the blood?: diffusion
42.
when the diaphragm contracts, ______ occurs: inhalation
43.
where does air enter the respiratory system?: pharynx
44.
where does gas exchange take place?: alveoli
45.
which organ controls breathing?: diaphragm
46.
whtat is the function of the epiglottis?: keep food from trachea
