Social Studies chapter 4 and 5
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Constitution- | a detailed, written plan for government |
| Separation of Powers- | the split of authority among the legislative,executive,and judicial branches |
| Hate crimes- | a crime, usually violent, motivated by prejudice or intolerance towards gender, race, religion or social groups |
| Responsibilities- | an obligation that we fulfill voluntarily |
| Duties- | a thing we are required to do |
| Tolerance- | respecting and accepting others regardless of their beliefs, practice, or differences |
| Volunteering- | a person who voluntarily offers himself or herself for a service or undertaking |
| Bureaucracy- | complex systems with many departments, many rules, and many people in the chain of command |
| Civil Liberties- | freedoms to think and act without government interference or fear of unfair legal treatment |
| Censorship- | the banning of printed materials or films due to alarming or offensive ideas |
| Petition- | a formal request for government action |
| Slander- | spoken untruths that are harmful to someone's reputation |
| Libel- | written untruths that are harmful to someone's reputation |
| Double Jeopardy- | putting someone on trial for crime of which he or she was previously acquitted |
| Due Process- | following established legal procedures |
| Eminent Domain- | the right of government to take private property for public use |
| Bail- | a sum of money used as a security deposit to ensure that an accused person returns for his or her trial |
| Proportionate- | the size or amount of something in relation to something else or to a whole |
| Poll Tax- | a sum of money required of voters before they are premitted to cast a ballot |
| Search Warrant- | a court order allowing law enforcement officers to search a suspect's home or business and take specific items as evidence |
| Indictment- | a formal charge by a grand jury |
| Grand Jury- | a group of citizens that decides wether there is sufficient evidence to accuse someone of the crime |
| Suffrage- | the right to vote |
| Discrimination- | unfair treatment based on prejudice against a certain group |
| Segregation- | the social separation of the races |
| Civil Rights- | the rights of full citizenship and equality under the law |
| Affirmative Action- | programs intended to make up for past discrimination by helping minority groups and women gain access to jobs and opportunities |
| Racial Profiling- | singling out an idicidual as a suspect due to appearance of ethnicity |
| What was the signigicance of Shay's Rebellion? | It sent a wake up call thoughout the country other begin arguing for a strong national government |
| Who was the leader of the Constitutional Convention? | George Washington |
| The Father of the Constitution: | James Madison |
| The Three Parts of the Constitution are: | Preamble,Articles,Amendments |
| The Three Branches of Government are: | Legislative,Excutive,Judicial Branch |
| What is a federal system of Government? | Power = natural state government |
| Five Freedoms protected under the 1st Amendment are: | freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of press, freedom of assembly, and freedom to petition the government |
| Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas: | In this land mark case the Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation in the public schools was unconstitutional |
| Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King Jr. gained national prominence because of their leadership in: | Because of there leader ship in boycott |
| Examples of Duties for Americans: | Obey the law, and Pay taxes |
| Examples of Responsibillities for Americans: | Respect the rights and property of others, and Respect different opinions and ways of life |
| The most effective way to make our communities better places to live: | obey laws, pay taxes, defend the nation, serve in court, and attend school |
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