| Term | Definition |
|---|
| What was the purpose of the Spanish missions? | to find any wealth discovered in the vast lands of the New World and to save the souls of the Indians |
| Battle of Twin Villages | resulted among the Red River between the Spanish (supported Apache) and French (supported Wichita) as Spain tried to slow the advance of the French in 1759. Spanish defeat |
| How did the Indians view the ownership of giving up land at the end of the war? | believed that the French could not give away something that was not theirs to give. Many British settlers scorned the Indians and angered the tribes. They sometimes made unscrupulous deals with the tribes for trade. |
| What territories was Oklahoma part of in our history? | Spanish controlled- Louisiana, and Arkansas |
| What were Napolean's objectives when he got into power for France? | to conquer the world and restore the French empire in North America |
| Who established St. Louis and then moved to Oklahoma? | Pierre Laclede and Auguste Chouteau |
| What did Spain want by aquiring land in America? | gaining wealth and spreading Catholicism |
| What did France want in aquiring land in America? | fur trade and Indian allies |
| What did Britain want in aquiring land in America? | the land and profitable trade routes |
| Who established the first European colony in America? | The Spanish-St. Augustine-1565 |
| Who did France support in during the French and Indian War? Why? | France, because they would give up Louisiana west of the Mississippi River and the "Isle of Orleans" |
| Who had more land before and after the French and Indian War? What countries gained/lost land w/ the Treaty of Paris in 1763? | Divided much of the continent. France lost Candada and all of its territory east of the Mississippi River to Great Britain, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in return for Cuba. |
| Why was the British and Indian relationship not on good terms at the end of the French and Indian War? | British settlers scorned the Indians and angered the tribes. British colonies competed aggressively for the Indian trade, sometimes making unscrupulous deals with the tribes. |
| What country sided with whom during the American Revolution and what did they get out of it? | Spain and France supported the colonists. Spain took a stand against Great Britain and take back lost forts. |
| What was the Pinckney Treaty? | 1795: Americans gained navigation rights on the Mississippi River; the right to store goods in New Orleans; and set southern boundary of U.S. |
| What was the Great Spanish Road? Who founded it and where did it go? | The trail Pedro Vial and Francisco and Fragoso made from Santa Fe to the Wichita Mountains and then followed the Red River east to Natchitoches, Louisiana |
| Why did Napolean sell the Louisiana Territory? What led up to it? | 1802: French sent troops to Haiti before attempting to regain Mississippi River Valley. Most troops died of yellow fever. Discouraged, Napolean sold the Louisiana Territory for 15 million dollars. |
| What was the purpose of the Lewis and Clark expedition? | To learn about the geography of the West, the people, plants, animals, soil, rocks, and weather. |
| What was the Adams-Onis Treaty? | 1819: Spain sold Florida to U.S. for 5 million dollars; Boundary set between Texas and Louisiana at Sabine River; Spain claimed land South of Red River lands and gave up Oregon |
| What was the treaty of Fountainebleu? | 1762: France gave up Louisiana west of the Mississippi River and the "Isle of Orleans" for money and military aid from Spain |
| What was the treaty of San IldeFonso? | 1800: Spain transferred Louisiana to France |
| What is the Three Forks Area? What were the rivers there and what took place there? | an area where the Arkansas, Verdigris, and Grand Rivers join, which create a major trading hub |
| treaty | a formal agreement between two or more nations |
| epidemic | an outbreak of a contagious disease |
| protégé | a young person who receives experienced guidance |
| confederacy | alliance |
| dynasty | a sequence of rulers from the same family |
| manifest destiny | American's desire to gain new land and to spread their beliefs and idealism |
| renegade | a deserter |
| ratify | formally approve |
| appropriate | set aside |
| constitution | a document that sets up the framework of a government |
| deposit | to store |
| encroachment | a trespass or intrusion without permission |
| Stephen H. Long | led an expedition that reached the Rockies before returning to Fort Smith through what is now Oklahoma |
| George Sibley | an Indian agent sent by President Jefferson to make friends and allies with the Indians and to find a salt mountain |
| William Dunbar | a scientist who asked Dr. George Hunter to assist him on a trial run to the Ouachita River in Louisiana and into Arkansas. Chose not to complete expedition |
| William Bradford | expelled people illegally that were enterring eastern Oklahoma in 1819 |
| John R. Bell | went down Arkansas River; reached Fort Smith in 1820; had a hard time |
| Nathaniel Pryor | opened a small trading post in the Three Forks Area; married an Osage Woman |
| William Becknell | a Missoria trader that left Missouri with a caravan of wagons carrying merchandist headed for Santa Fe |
| Zebulon Pike | explored upper Mississippi region in 1805 and followed with another in 1806 in Arkansas and Red Rivers; named Pike's Peak west of Rockies |
| Grand Excursion | a trip to explore the southwestern part of the Louisiana Purchase in 1806 |
| Grand Saline | 20 miles of salt, 2-6 inches deep |
| Describe Indian Relations. | Choctaws favored French, they were less harsh than the Spanish. Chickasaw friendly with British because of trade. French has good relations with Wichita, Osage, Comanche and others. Spanish allied with Apache |
| Long Expedition | five expeditions covering 26000 miles; two trips into Oklahoma. Established Fort Smith (1817) where Arkansas and Poteau rivers meet. Reterned with much info about plant and animal life and geography of the region. Explored Red and Arkansas rivers into Nebraska. |
| Sibley Expedition | search for rumored "salt mountain" in 1811. explored Nebraska, Kansa, and into Northwest Oklahoma. Found Grand Saline. Also found salt near Cimarron River and along the Salt Fork of the Arkansas River |
| Pike-Wilkinson Expedition | explored upper Mississippi region in 1805 and followed with another in 1806 among the Arkansas and Red Rivers, Shared info about the Osage, Cherokee, Choctaw, and Creek in Oklahoma. Pikes peak named west of Rockies. Pike arrested by Spanish Soldiers in 1807. |
| Sparks Expedition | "Grand Excursion" to explore southwestern part of LA purchase. Stopped by a Spanish army near Oklahoma's edge. They gathered much information. |
| Lewis and Clark Expedition | began in 1804 with the team venturing up Missouri River, returned in 1806; traveled 4000 miles to the Pacific Ocean and back. |
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