1.
alendronate: bisphosphonate, tx osteoporosis;
orally, daily or weekly
2.
bisphosphonates: First choice in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis; inhibit osteoclasts
SEs: PO= acute gastritis and esophageal irritation
BON: 'phossy jaw', bone death, bisphosphonates incorporate into bone matrix and disrupt capillaries; higher risk with IV route.
3.
calcitonin: peptide; released from parafollicular cells; prevents bone resorption; PREVENTS OSTEOPOROSIS
**salmon calcitonin has longer 1/2 life -> used therapeutically
-less effective long term prevention (over estrogen and bisphophonates)
4.
calcitriol: vit D breaks down to form this; a potent metabolite; promotes bone resorption but indirectly promotes bone growth
5.
cholecalciferol: Vitamin D3; a vit D supplement; take with calcium; for vit D deficiency, rickets/osteomalacia
6.
ergocalciferol: Vitamin D2; a vit D supplement; take with calcium; for vit D deficiency, rickets/osteomalacia
7.
estrogen: prevents bone resorption; blocks PTH effects; PREVENTS OSTEOPOROSIS
8.
glucocorticoids: prevents bone growth, inhibits vit D effects, increases Ca absorption; PROMOTES OSTEOPOROSIS
9.
ibandronate: bisphosphonate, tx osteoporosis:
orally: daily or weekly
IV: monthly or q 3 months
10.
parathyroid hormone: increases blood Ca and P; released in response to low Ca levels; affects on kidneys, intestines, and bone.
-increases bone remodeling by stimulating osteoclasts AND osteoblasts
-effects are concentration dependent:
low concentration= bone growth
high concentration= bone resorption
11.
raloxifine: SERM; partial estrogen agonist for skeletal effects; risk for blood clots; second line drug (after estrogen and bisphophonates)
12.
risedronate: bisphosphonate, tx osteoporosis;
orall: daily or weekly
13.
secalciferol: vit D breaks down and forms this; less potent than calcitriol; promotes bone resorption
14.
teriparatide: recombinant PTH 1-34; injected SQ
*increased bone formation (only one that does);
not yet first line (bisphosphonates are)
15.
zoledronate: bisphosphonate, tx ostoporosis;
IV: annually