Cell Organelles
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32 terms
Sundanese | English |
|---|---|
| cell membrane |  regulates movement of materials in and out of cells, maintains cell shape and allows cells to communicate with each other |
| smooth endoplasmic reticulum | makes or synthesizes lipids, detoxification of drugs/medicines |
| rough endoplasmic reticulum | synthesis of proteins that may be secreted from cells or become part of the cell membrane |
| ribosomes | synthesize proteins |
| Golgi complex | modifies, sorts and packages substances made by the cell and sends them to vacuoles, other organelles or out of the cell |
| lysosomes | membranous sacs that contain enzymes used to break down ingested materials, secretions and wastes |
| vacuoles | membranous sacs that transport ingested nutrients, water and wastes |
| peroxisomes | membranous sacs containing enzymes used to break down hydrogen peroxide |
| mitochondria | sacs made of 2 membranes with the inner membrane folded to form cristae; site of cellular respiration that converts the energy in nutrient molecules into ATP |
| chloroplast | membranous sacs made of 3 membranes that perform photosynthesis which stores the sun's energy in nutrient molecules like glucose |
| chromoplast | membranous sacs that store pigment (color) molecules in plant cells |
| leucoplasts | membranous sacs that store starch |
| microtubules | hollow tubes made of the protein tubulin that provide structural support, and are involved in movement and cell division |
| microfilaments | solid fibers made of the protein actin that provide structural support, and are involved in movement and cell division |
| centrioles | pair of hollow cylinder clusters that helps to form the spindle fibers in a dividing animal cell |
| cilia | short, microtubule projections cover some cells that assist in the movement of some cells |
| flagella | one or two long whip-like projections of some cells assist in the movement or locomotion of some cells like sperm cells |
| nucleus | large spherical sac made of a double membrane that is the control center of the cell |
| nucleolus | small, sperical, granular object within the nucleus that makes ribosomes from ribosomal RNA |
| chromosomes | coiled up DNA visible during cell division that contains the genes that control heredity |
| chromatin | thin, threads of DNA, visible when a cell is NOT dividing |
| cytoplasm | jelly-like soup, made of water and other chemical that is located between the cell membrane and nuclear membraane |
| nuclear membrane | double membrane surrounding the nucleus that controls what enters and leaves the nucleus |
| nuclear pores | openings in the nuclear membrane that the transfer of substance between the nucleus, cytoplasm and rough ER |
| tight junctions | impermeable connection between 2 adjacent cells that bind cells together into leakproof sheets |
| desmosomes | anchoring connections that prevent cells subject to stress from being pulled apart |
| gap junctions | connections between cell that allow adjacent cells to pass substances between neighboring cells; neighboring cells are joined by hollow tubes |
| connexons | hollow tubes made of protein that join cells forming gap junctions |
| inclusions | chemical substance that may or may not be dissolved in the cytoplasm of cells depending on the type of cell |
| transport vesicles | membrane bound bubbles that carry chemical substances like lipids and proteins to and fro within a cell |
| secretory vesicles | membrane bound bubbles that carry chemical substances like lipids and proteins to the cell membrane where they are released or secreted from the cell |
| intermediate fibers | rope-like strands of protein that help to form desmosomes and resist pulling forces on the cell |
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