| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Volcano | A weak spot in the crust where magma comes to the surface |
| Magma | A molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle |
| Lava | Magma that reaches the surface |
| Ring of Fire | A major volcanic belt |
| Island Arc | A string of islands |
| Hot Spot | Where an area deep within the mantle rises and erupts, forming magma |
| Magma Chamber | A pocket in the volcano where magma collects |
| Pipe | A long tube in the ground that connects the magma chamber to earth's surface |
| Vent | Opening in the Volcano |
| Lava Flow | Area covered by lava as it pours out of a vent |
| Crater | Bowl-shaped area that may form around a volcano's central vent |
| Silica | A mixture of silicon and oxygen |
| Pyroclastic Flow | An explosive eruption that hurls out a mixture of hot gas, ash, cinders, and bombs |
| Dormant | Volcano likely to awaken in the future |
| Extinct | Unlikely to ever erupt again |
| Geyser | A fountain of water and steam that erupts from the ground |
| Shield Volcano | Layers of lava pouring out of the vent create this type of volcano |
| Cinder Cone | A volcano created by layers of ash, cinders, and bombs |
| Composite Volcano | Tall, cone-shaped mountains that alternate with layers of lava and ash |
| Caldera | The huge hole left by the collapse of a mountain |
| Volcanic neck | Formed when magma hardens in a volcano's pipe |
| Dike | Magma that forces itself against rock layers |
| Sill | When magma squeezes between horizontal layers of rock |
| Intrusion | Forms when magma hardens underground to form igneous rock |
| Basin | A broad bowl-shaped valley |
| Central Valley | An example of a huge basin |
| Batholith | When large amounts of magma harden in the crust |
Combine with other sets
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