Federal Court System
Order by
15 terms
English | Other / Unknown |
|---|---|
 purpose of the Judicial Branch | to review/interpret the laws |
| two levels of dual court system | national and state |
| inferior courts | the lower federal courts, beneath the Supreme Court; ex. US tax court |
| jurisdiction | an area of authority or control; the right to administer justice |
| exclusive jurisdiction | authority of the federal courts alone to hear and decide cases |
| concurrent jurisdiction | authority for both state and federal courts to hear and decide cases |
| original jurisdiction | the authority to hear cases for the first time |
| appellate jurisdiction | the authority of a court to review decisions made/appealed by lower courts |
| judicial restraint | view that the courts should reject any active lawmaking functions and stick to judicial interpretations of the past |
| judicial activism | an interpretation of the U.S. constitution holding that the spirit of the times and the needs of the nation can legitimately influence judicial decisions (particularly decisions of the Supreme Court) |
| precedent | a law established by following earlier judicial decisions |
| district federal courts | 94 of them |
| criminal case | a case in which a defendant is tried for committing a crime as defined by the law |
| civil case | a case involving a noncriminal matter such as a contract dispute or a claim of patent infringement |
| docket | list of cases to be heard |
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