| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Chromosomes | Located in the nucleus, they are made of DNA and protein, contain genetic information. |
| Gamete | Sex cells (e.g. egg or sperm) |
| Fertilization | When two gametes join together. |
| Zygote | The new cell formed after fertilization. |
| Hermaphrodite | An organism which produces both the male and female gametes. |
| Ova | Egg |
| Ovaries | Where the eggs are stored. |
| Oviducts | Fallopian tubes where the egg travels down to the uterus. |
| Uterus | A thick, walled organ made of muscle, where a baby can grow. Another word for it is womb. |
| Cervix | The neck of the womb that leads to the vagina. |
| Vagina | Muscular tube leading from the uterus to the outside. |
| Urethra | Opening of the bladder that leads to the front of the female genitals. Opens separately to the outside. |
| Rectum | Opening from the colon that is behind the vagina. Opens separately to the outside. |
| Spermatozoa | Male gametes also called sperm. |
| Testes | Where the sperm is made in males. |
| Scrotum | The two sacs of skin which hold the testes and are outside the body. |
| Vas Deferens | A tube which carries away sperm from the testes to join the urethra |
| Urethra (male) | Tube which carries urine and sperm from the penis. This happens at different times. |
| Prostrate Gland | A gland within the male reproductive system that is located just below the bladder. |
| Seminal Vesicles | It makes the fluid for sperm to swim in. |
| Follicle | It is a small space, filled with liquid, that surrounds the egg cell. |
| Graafian Follicle | The follicle grows bigger and moves to the edge of the ovary. |
| Ovulation | When the Graafian follicle bursts and the egg leaves the ovary. |
| Tubules | The tiny tubes where sperm are made. These are located in the testes. |
| Ejaculation | Process where sperm is pushed out of the penis by contracting the muscles along the penis. |
| Embryo | After fertilization occurs, the zygote divides to make a ball of cells that is called the embryo. |
| Implantation | When the embryo sinks into the thick, spongy lining of the uterus. |
| Placenta | It provides nutrients and oxygen from the mother to the baby through the umbilical cord. |
| Umbilical Cord | Joins the embryo (baby) to the placenta |
| Amnion | It is a fluid that surrounds the embryo to support and protect it. |
| Gestation Period | The length of time between fertilization and the birth. |
| Labor | When the muscle walls of the uterus contract. |
| Afterbirth | When the placenta rips away from the uterus wall and passes out through the vagina after the baby has been born. |
| Menstruation | When the lining of the uterus breaks up and slowly moves out the vagina. This process takes about 5 days and occurs every 28 days in females. |
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