Chemistry ch. 8
Order by
28 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Solution | a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances with each retaining its own chemical identity. |
| Solvent | the component of a solution that is present in the greatest amount. |
| Solute | a component of a solution that is present in a lesser amount relative to that of the solvent. |
| Solubility | the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solute under a given set of conditions. |
| Henry's Law | states that the amount of gas that will dissolve in a liquid at a given temperature is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid. |
| Saturated Solution | a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved under the conditions at which the solution exists. |
| Supersaturated Solution | an unstable solution that temporarily contains more solute than that present in a saturated solution. |
| Unsaturated Solution | : a solution that contains less than the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved under the conditions at which the solution exists. |
| Concentrated Solution | a solution that contains a large amount of solute relative to the amount that could dissolve. |
| Dilute Solution | a solution that contains a small amount of solute relative to the amount that could dissolve. |
| Aqueous Solution | a solution in which water is the solvent. |
| Nonaqueous solution | a solution in which a substance other than water is the solvent. |
| Concentration | the amount of solute present in a specified amount of a solution. |
| Dilution | the process in which more solvent is added to a solution in order to lower its concentration |
| Colloidal Dispersion | a homogeneous mixture that contains dispersed particles that are intermediate in size between those of a true solution and those of an ordinary heterogeneous mixture. |
| Tyndall effect | the light scattering phenomenon that causes the path of a beam of visible light through a colloidal dispersion to be observed. |
| Suspension | a heterogeneous mixture that contains dispersed particles that are heavy enough that they settle out under the influence of gravity. |
| Colligative Property | a physical property of a solution that depends only on the concentration of solute particles present in a given quantity of solvent and not on their chemical identities. |
| Osmosis | the passage of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane separating a dilute solution from a more concentrated solution. |
| Semipermeable Membrane | : a membrane that allows certain types of molecules to pass through it but prohibits the passage of other types of molecules. |
| Osmotic Pressure | the pressure that must be applied to prevent the flow of solvent through a semipermeable membrane from a solution of lower solute concentration to a solution of higher solute concentration. |
| Osmolarity | the product of a solution's molarity and the number of particles produced per formula unit if the solute dissociates. |
| Hypotonic | a solution with lower osmotic pressure than that within cells. |
| Hypertonic | a solution with a higher osmotic pressure that that within the cells |
| Hemolysis | when red blood cells are placed in pure water and they swell up and rupture. |
| Crenation | when water moves from the cells to the solution and causes the cells to shrivel. |
| Isotonic Solution | a solution with an osmotic pressure that is equal to that within the cells. |
| Dialysis | the process in which a semipermeable membrane allows the passage of solvent, dissolved ions, and small molecules through, but blocks the passage of colloidal-sized particles and large molecules. |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.