comm dis chap 9
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Created by:
simplymee05 on November 15, 2011
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37 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 vocal cords | protect airways when swallowing, doorway to trachea |
| abduct | move apart |
| adduct | move together |
| trachea/alveolar pressure | air pressure beneath adducted vocal cords |
| fundamental frequency | the number of cycles of vocal fold vibration per second |
| phonation | vocal cords are adducted,subglottic air pressure builds,vocal fold tissue is displaced,air rushes through the opening |
| cry | how an infant expresses themself |
| 18 | what age is the adult voice achieved by? |
| pitch | perceptual counterpart of fundamental frequency |
| habitual pitch | speakers average fundamental frequency |
| optimal pitch | most suitable pitch, determined by vocal fold structure |
| monotone | not varying habitual speaking frequency |
| vocal loudness | perceptual correlate of intensity |
| childrens voice disorder | abnormal pitch,loudness and/or quality,related to vocal abuse or misuse |
| adult voice disorder | 3-9 percent of the population,more common in men,affects occupation |
| monopitch | lacks normal inflectional variation and sometimes the ability to change pitch |
| inappropriate pitch | a voice that is judged outside the normal range for age or sex |
| pitch breaks | sudden uncontrolled upward or downward changes in pitch(puberty) |
| monoloudness | lacks normal variations in intensity or ability to change vocal loudness |
| loudness variation | extreme variations in vocal intensity |
| stridor | noisy breathing or involuntary sound that accompanies inspiration and expiration (deep breath in) |
| consistent aphonia | persistent absence of voice, perceiving as whispering |
| episodic aphonia | uncontrolled, unpredictable aphonic breaks |
| vocal nodules | localized growth resulting from frequent, hard vocal fold collisions,bilateral,can occur in children who excessively speak loud, |
| contact ulcers | reddended ulceration in the posterior surface of the vocal folds in the region of the arytenoid cartilages |
| vocal polyps | fluid filled lesions that develop when blood vessels rupture and swell, |
| sessile | closely adhere vocal folds and can cover two thirds of the vocal fold |
| pedunculated | appears to be attached by means of a stalk |
| laryngitis | inflammation of the vocal folds that can result from exposure to noxious agents,allergies,or vocal abuse |
| acute lary. | temporary swelling that can result in hoarseness |
| chronic lary. | results from vocal abuse during acute lary. and can lead to serious deterioration of vocal fold tissue |
| parkinson disease | muscle rigidity,tremor,slowness of movement, |
| vocal fold paralysis | caused by damage to the recurrent branch of cranial nerve X either unilaterally or bilaterally |
| laryngeal cancer | most serious disorder of the voice, early sign is persistent hoarseness in the absence of colds or allergies,necessary to remove the entire larynx |
| electrolarynx | a prosthetic vibratory device |
| conversion disorders | psychogenic voice disorders that result from emotional suppression |
| conversion aphonia | individuals whisper even though they are capable of phonation |
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