Chapter 6
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Created by:
tannaboudreaux on November 16, 2011
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18 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 alkali metal | group 1A elements, except for hydrogen, that are on the left side of the modern periodic table |
| alkaline earth metals | group 2A elements in the modern periodic table |
| electronegativity | indicates the relative ability of an element's atoms to attract electrons in a chemical bond |
| group | a vertical column of elements in the periodic table; also called a family |
| halogen | a highly reactive group 7A element |
| inner transition metal | a type of group B element that is contained in the f-block of the periodic table and is characterizes by a filled outermost s orbital, and filled or partially filled 4f and 5f orbitals |
| ion | an atom or bonded group of atoms with a positive or negative charge |
| ionization energy | the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom; generally increases in moving from left to right across a period and decreases in moving down a group |
| metal | an element that is solid at room temperature, a good conductor of heat and electricity, and generally is shiny; most metals are ductile and malleable |
| metalloid | an element such as silicon or germanium that has physical and chemical property of both metals and nonmetals |
| noble gas | an extremely unreactive group 8A element |
| nonmetal | elements that are generally gases or dull, brittle solids that are poor conductors of heat and electricity |
| octet rule | states that atoms lose, gain, or share electrons in order to acquire a full set of eight valence electrons |
| period | a horizontal row of elements in the modern periodic table |
| periodic law | states that when the elements are arranged by increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their chemical and physical properties |
| representative element | groups of elements in the modern periodic table that are designated with an A (1a thru 8a) and possess a wide range of chemical and physical properties |
| transition element | groups of elements in the modern periodic table that are designated with a B (1b thru 8b) and are further divided into transition metals and inner transition metals |
| transition metal | a type of group B element that is contained in the d-block of the periodic table and, with some exceptions, is characterized by a filled outermost s orbital of energy level n, and filled or partially filled d orbitals of energy level n -- 1 |
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