ARH252-Survey of Art 1 Exam 3

Terms	Definitions
catacombs	subterranean networks of rock-cut galleries and chambers used as cemeteries for the Christian dead
prefiguration	Old Testament figures that are prophetic of Jesus and events in New Testament
basilica	originated in Roman architecture and used as a public building for legal and other civic proceedings; was then incorporated in Christian architecture as a church that somewhat resembled the structure of its Roman counterpart. Both are rectangular in shape. -timber roof ceiling; common material for Early Christian churches
cruciform	cross shaped structure
nave	central aisle of a Roman or Christian basilica
apse	an alcove, usually semicircular, in the wall of a building, commonly found in a church and frames the altar
clerestory	windows that form the nave's uppermost level below the timber ceiling or the vault. -allow light to pierce through the basilica -would have illuminated the mosaics and frescoes on the walls
nimbus	halo around holy figure to signify divinity
pendentives	concave, triangular sections that provide transition from square area to circular base of dome; essentially, they are support system for the dome -allow for windows at base; -creates impression that dome is suspended, not supported
icons	portrait or image of a sacred figure that serve as objects of worship
iconoclasm	destruction of religious or sacred images. Destroyers of image are referred to as iconoclasts.
iconophiles	lovers/supports of religious images
Theotokos	Greek for "she who bore God"; Virgin Mary
Pantokrator	Greek for "ruler of all". Image that depicts Christ as ruler and judge of heaven and earth
iconostasis	Greek for "icon stand"; high screen or wall with tiers of icons
cloissoné	decorative metalwork technique that using metal strips that are then filled with semiprecious stones or colored glass. Example: Purse Cover from Sutton Hoo
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia-- Ravenna, Italy, 425 (5th century), Late Antiquity
The Good Shepherd, the story of Jonah, and Orants, Rome, Italy, 4th cen., Late Antiquity
Christ Seated, 350-375, Late Antiquity
Christ as the Good Shepherd, Ravenna, Italy, 425, Late Antiquity
Old Saint Peter's Church, Rome Italy, 319 Constantine's..resemble of Roman basilicas.....(bottom right Interior of Santa Sabina Rome, Italy, 422-432 - Corinthian colums of the nave focused attention on the aspe which framed the altar
Rebecca and Eliezerat the Well, from Vienna Genesis, 6th century, Late Antiquity
Anthemius of Trallesand Isidorus of Miletus, Hagia Sophia, Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), Turkey, 532-537 (6th century), Early Byzantine
Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus, interior of Hagia Sophia (looking southwest) Constantinople (Istanbul), Turkey, 532-537 (pendentive)
Pendentives (triangular sections of a sphere) make it possible to place a dome on a a ring over a square. Squinches achieve the same goal by bridging the corners of the square to form an octagonal base.
San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy, 526-547 (6th century), Early Byzantine
Justinian, Bishop Maximianus, and Attendants, San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy, 547 (6th century), Early Byzantine
Interior of Saint Mark's, Venice, Italy, begun 1063 (11th century), Middle Byzantine
Virgin and Child Between Saints Theodore and George, 6th century,
Pantokrator, Theotokosand Child, Angels, and Saints,from Cathedral at Monreale (Sicily, Italy), 1180 (12th century), Middle Byzantine
Christ as Savior of Souls, 14th century,, Late Byzantine
Purse Cover,from Sutton Hoo ship burial, 625 (7th century), Early Medieval
Animal-head post, from Viking ship burial, 834 (9th century), Early Medieval
carpet page,from Lindisfarne Gospels, 698-721 (7th-8th century), Early Medieval
Equestrian portrait of Charlemagne, 9th century, Carolingian art
Westwork of the Abbey church at Corvey, Germany, 873-885 (9th century), Carolingian
Interior of the Palatine Chapel of Charlemagne, Aachen, Germany, 792-805(8th-9th century), Carolingian
Otto III Enthroned, 11th century, Ottonian art