| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Fourteen Points | Wilson's plan for peace was called the Fourteen Points, as it had fourteen goals or conditions. Europeans didn't agree with the plan, which favored a war without a victor, and Europe wanted to severely punish Germany. The plan was designed to prevent further diplomatic problems from starting another war. Some of the major parts of the plan was an end to secrecy and secret alliances, freedom of the seas, free trade, and a limit on arms, as well as peaceful settlements of disputes over colonies. Wilson also supported self-determination and a league of nations. |
| League of Nations | The League of Nation would be a general association of nations, whose goal would be to protect the independence of all countries. |
| Big Four | The Big Four were the four most important leaders, and the most important ones at the Paris Peace Conference. They were Woodrow Wilson- USA, David Lloyd George- UK, George Clemenceau- France, and Vittorio Orlando- Italy. |
| Treaty of Versailles | The Treaty of Versailles was the product of the Paris Peace Conference, although none of the Allies was happy with it. Germany was forced to sign the treaty, which was very harsh. Germany had to accept all responsibility for the war, pay the Allies huge reparations; including pensions, severely weaken the size of her army, return Alsace-Lorraine to France, and give up overseas colonies. |
| Henry Cabot Lodge | Henry Cabot Lodge was a Republican who disagreed with the Versailles Treaty, and who was the chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. He mostly disagreed with the section that called for the League to protect a member who was being threatened. |
| Self-Determination | The right of national groups to have their own territory and forms of government. |
| Reparations | Reparations are large cash payments. |
| Isolationist | People who wanted the USA to stay out of world affairs. |
| What was the most important idea in Wilson's peace plan? | The most important idea in Wilson's plan was the League of Nations. |
| Why did Wilson's plan run into trouble at Versailles? | Wilson's plan ran into trouble because it favored a war with no winner, whereas Europe wanted to punish Germany. Some points were too vague, or wouldn't work in reality. |
| Why did the U.S. Senate reject the Versailles Treaty? | The U.S. Senate rejected the treaty because many members disagreed with how soft it was on Germany, or Republicans wanted to embarrass Wilson. After a major stroke, Wilson simply couldn't defend his treaty. |
| List three ways the Treaty of Versailles punished Germany. | The Treaty of Versailles forced Germany to pay reparations, give up colonies, and weaken her army. |
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