TCC - Pharmacy Tech
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Created by:
mill_chick on March 14, 2009
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93 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 parenteral | medication administered by injection, not through the GI tract, via IM or IV or SC |
| enteral | anything entering the body involving the GI tract, via mouth (po) or rectum (pr) |
| solids | can be administered by almost any route except parenterally |
| tablets | can be administered sublingually (sl) |
| caplet | have a hard shell |
| capsule | have a softer shell, gelatin container |
| troche | dissolve in mouth |
| 000 | biggest capsule size |
| 5 | smallest capsule size |
| syrup | sugar based solution, thicker consistency |
| elixir | alcohol based solution, watery consistency |
| emulsions | a mixture of water & oil |
| suspensions | liquids with very small drug particles in them |
| SHAKE WELL | suspension medications |
| enemas | for retention or evacuation |
| sprays | a delivery method for some medications |
| sublingual tablets | go under tongue |
| sterile eye solutions | some can be used for ears |
| ear solutions | can never be used for eyes |
| sterile | the way it is prepared |
| opthalmic | sterile for eyes |
| pharmacokinetics | the movement of the drug throughout the body |
| MDI | metered dose inhaler |
| flagging | how label is attached to the bottle/vial/pkg |
| lipids | fat |
| anesthetics | inhalants |
| viscous | thick liquid that easily penetrates the skin |
| semisolids | cover the skin surface & keep out moisture |
| generic name | non-proprietary or common name of a drug |
| brand name | patented proprietary name of the drug sold by a specific drug manufacturer |
| chemical name | name that defines the chemical composition of a drug |
| Pr (within a square shape) | legend drug, requires a prescription |
| C (within a diamond shape) | controlled drug, usually addictive |
| N (within a circle shape) | narcotic, always addictive |
| R (within a circle shape) | registered trade mark (patent symbol) |
| pharmacology | the science that studies drugs, the drugs effect when taken |
| indications | the medical sign or symptom that shows the presence of a disease or a remedy for it, what it is used for |
| contraindications | something is inadvisable while taking a certain medication, likely to cause adverse reaction, not meant for |
| precautions | the action taken to protect against possible harm, don't do it |
| adverse effects | unfavorable or undesirable effects or results, side effects |
| antipyretic | against a fever |
| platlet aggregation inhibitor | blood thinner |
| opioid analgesic | for pain, derived from poppyseed |
| dose | amount of a drug for one application |
| verbal phone order | PT's not permitted to take, pharmacist required, legal prescription |
| dosage form | drug formulation, the way it is to be administered |
| absorption | the movement of drug molecules from the site of administration into the circulatory system, greatest under the tongue or in small intestine |
| distribution | the movement of a drug from the circulatory system across barrier membranes to the site of action |
| metabolism | the transformation of active drugs to a compound that can be easily eliminated (prodrugs to active drugs), made by liver |
| elimination | removal of a drug from the body & discontinuation of drug action |
| first-pass effect | metabolism, drugs that pass through the system without being transformed or held back |
| half-life | length of time it takes for a drug to be reduced to one-half, for 50% of the drug to be cleared from the site of action |
| 4 phases of a drug (once administered) | absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination |
| therapeutic effect | a desired drug effect to eliminate a symptom or disease, the reason a drug is given |
| side effects | effect usually undesirable not harmful, not the intended action |
| 1/7 | days ordered |
| 1/12 | months ordered |
| 1/52 | weeks ordered |
| ii | 2 |
| instructional sentences | always start with a verb, such as Take, Give, etc. |
| DAW | dispense as written |
| DIN | drug identification number, never changes |
| anatomical barriers to distribution | blood-brain barrier, blood-testicular barrier, placental barrier |
| pharmaceutical equivalents | different inactive ingredients, different dosage form, exhibits different rates of absorption |
| bioavailability of generic drugs | compared with the brand name drug for bioequivalence |
| bioavailability | the extent to which an administered amount of a drug reaches the site of action, drug absorption & distribution to the site of action |
| affinity | the attraction that the receptor site has for a drug |
| efficacy | measure of the drugs effectiveness |
| pharmacotherapeutics | the process of using drugs in the treatment of disease, how much of a dose to give per patient |
| immunological factors | hypersensitivity reactions & anaphylactic shock |
| desensitization factors | repeated drug exposure results in decreased drug response |
| idiosyncratic reactions | unpredictable reactions |
| placebo effect | drug therapy influenced by patient belief that the therapy will be beneficial, drug given is not what patient is told that it is, a placebo is given in its place |
| GI tract | everything from the mouth to the rectum |
| toxic effects | undesirable effect that usually implies drug poisoning, can be life threatening |
| agonists | drugs that bind to specific receptors & PRODUCE a drug reaction |
| antagonists | drugs that bind to specific receptors & BLOCK a drug reaction |
| potentiation | produces a reaction that is greater than either of the components can produce alone |
| synergism | when an action resulting from the combination of drugs is greater than the sum of their individual drug effect |
| CD | controlled diffusion |
| CR | continuous / controlled release |
| CRT | controlled-release tablet |
| LA | long-acting |
| SA | sustained-action |
| SR | sustained / slow release |
| TD | time-delay |
| TR | time-release |
| XL | extra-long |
| XR | extended-release |
| solids | tablets, chewable tablets, enteric-coated tablets, extended-release agents, capsules, caplets, lozenges, troches, implant capsules, patches |
| liquids | syrups, elixirs, sprays, inhalants, emulsions, suspensions, solutions, enemas |
| semisolids | creams, lotions, ointments, powders, gelatins, suppositories |
| spansules | can be pulled apart |
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