Science Sample Questions Viruses and Bacteria
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60 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What are the 3 types of bacteria and their shapes? | bacilli - rod shaped cocci - circular spirilla - spiral |
| What are the 3 methods the body uses to fight infections diseases and what does each one do? | White Blood Cells - eat disease or infection T Cells - destroy disease they can recognize Antibodies - "tag" invaders to be recognized |
| How does a vaccine help protect you against infectious diseases? | Puts a small dosage of the infection or disease into your body so that your body wlil recognize it and giht it off when you actually get it. |
| What are examples of bacteria? | Strep Throat, Salmonella, Infections, Typhoid |
| What are examples of viruses? | HIV, Flu, Chicken Pox, Cold, Hepatitis |
| How do viruses reproduce? | Attach to cell, insert genetic material, and replicate, gives cells new instructions to make more viruses. |
| What does it mean to be alive? | reproduce, excrete waste, develop/mature, grow, multicellular/unicellular, must do cellular respiration |
| What is the goal of photosynthesis? | to make stored energy from the sun |
| How does cellular respiration work? | sugar + oxygen ---> ENERGY + Co2 + water |
| How does photosynthesis work? | water + Co2 ---> chlorophyll ---> sugar + oxygen |
| What is the purpose of mitosis? | to let a cell make an exact copy of itself |
| How does mitosis work? (What are the stages) | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
| How do things get in and out of the cell? (cell transport) | diffusion, osmosis, active transport |
| How do we classify organisms into the kingdoms? | into number of cells, prokaryote, eukaryote, producers, consumers, and if they have a cell wall |
| What is a viruses size in relationship to cells? | very tiny compared to cells |
| How does a virus work? | attaches to cell, inserts genetic material, replicates itself, changes instructions for the cell and tells it to make more viruses |
| What is a virus made of? | a protein layer and DNA |
| What common diseases are caused by viruses? | HIV, Hepatitis, Flu, Chicken Pox, Colds |
| What is a bacterias size in relationship to viruses? | 10x larger than viruses |
| What is a bacteria made of? | hereditary material (genetic), ribosomes, cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, flagellum |
| What shapes do bacteria come in? | cocci - circular, spherical spirilla - spiral bacilli - rod shaped |
| What common diseases are caused by bacteria? | Strep Throat, Salmonella, Infections, Cholera, Typhoid |
| How do infectious diseases attack the body? | infectious agent attaches to the cell, bacteria multiply with toxins that kill the cell, viruses rob cells nutrients which destroys the cell |
| How does the body fight the infectious disease? | white blood cells - eat infectious diseases, t cells - attack any invader they can recognize, antibodies - tag the invader |
| Why do we get vaccinations? | so when we get the actual disease our cells will already know what the disease looks like and know how to fight it off easier |
| What do antibodies, interferons, and white bloodcells (t cells) do? | white blood cells - eat infectious diseases, t cells - attack any invader they can recognize, antibodies - tag the invader, interferons - bind to other cells to protect the cell membrane from invaders |
| What are the 5 protists we studied and saw on prepared slides? | euglena, diatom, spirogyra, paramecium, amoeba |
| What are the shapes and sizes of all the protists we studied? | euglena - small circles, diatom - sticks, paramecium - canoes, amoeba - rectangles, spirogyra - spirals |
| How can you identify the 3 shapes of bacteria? | cocci - circular, spherical, small spirilla - spiral, medium bacilli - rod shaped, thin |
| What is the process of prophase? | DNA strands wind up to form chromosomes, nucleus disappears |
| What is the process of metaphase? | chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell |
| What is the process of anaphase? | the chromosomes get pulled to opposite sides of the cell |
| What is the process of telophase? | the cell is pinched to form 2 cells, nucleus gets rebuilt |
| When does a cell do cellular respiration? | 24/7 |
| When does a plant do photosynthesis? | in the sunlight, so in the dark it can use the sugar it made to keep itself alive |
| What is diffusion? | the movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration |
| What is osmosis? | to dilute by adding more or less water |
| What is active transport? | the movement of materials through a membrane using energy and transport proteins |
| What do vaccines do? | help prevent the disease |
| What do drugs do? | antibiotics kill bacteria |
| Nucleus | control center of the cell, also controls reproduction |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | passage ways |
| Vacuole | stores food, water, waste, etc. |
| Golgi Body | receives messages from the endoplasmic reticulum sends them out to the cell |
| Ribosomes | makes proteins for the cell |
| Lysosomes | recycles worn out parts |
| Cell Wall | structure of the cell |
| Chloroplast | place where solar energy is transformed into stored chemical energy, sugar |
| Cell Membrane | decides what gets in and out of the cell |
| Mitochondria | where cellular respiration takes place |
| Why did the cells burst in the osmosis process, when ours did not? | because ours had a cell well |
| Why does the cell do osmosis so that the cells swell up? | it needs to be equal with the environment |
| Which infectious disease group is best treated with antibiotics? | bacteria |
| Which infectious disease group includes roundworms and tapeworms? | multicellular organisms |
| Which infectious disease group is the smallest in size? | viruses |
| Which infectious disease group includes amoebas and giardia? | protists |
| Which infectious disease group includes the flu and chicken pox? | viruses |
| Which infectious disease group is best and most commonly treated with vaccinations? | viruses |
| Which infectious disease group includes strep throat, infections, and typhoid? | bacteria |
| Which infectious disease group cannot reproduce on their own? | protists |
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