Two Concepts of Social Class: Marx & Webe
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14 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Karl Marx (1818-83) | A theorist of human emancipation - history of human societies as a history of one ruling class being overthrown by a new one. - expected modern capitalist societies to consist of only two classes: Owners (bourgeoisie) and Workers (proletariat) |
| Marx's two class system | - The bourgeoisie owns the means of production. - The proletariat does not own such means and must sell his or her labor to the bourgeoisie. - Class consciousness: awareness of your class and its enemies. - False consciousness: when workers assume they share common interests with owners |
| Max Weber (1864-1920) | Multiple Determinants of Stratification. It's not just about material wealth. - Class (property) - Status (prestige) - Party (power) |
| Status Inconsistency | Unequal access to property, prestige, and power. - A person may score high on one dimension like property but low on another like prestige or power. |
| Social Mobility: Upward and Downward Movement Within a Stratification System | ... |
| Achieved Status | based on merit |
| Ascribed Status | fixed at birt |
| Mobility | a change of position within the stratification system |
| Structural Mobility | no change in the distribution of higher and lower status positions. |
| Exchange Mobility | upward mobility only if others experience downward mobility. |
| Three Theories of Stratification | 1.Functionalism 2. Social Evolutionary Theory 3.Conflict Theory |
| Functionalismm: The Key is Replaceabilty | Functionalist theory - explains that because some workers are much less replaceable than others, rewards will be different. - Functional importance of jobs linked to replaceability. - Less replaceable jobs receive greater rewards. |
| Social Evolutionary Theory: Specialization | More rewarding aspects of culture preserved. - culture more complex; areas of specialization develop. - Some areas considered more important than others: this promotes stratification. |
| Conflict Theory | stratification will reflect the outcome of conflict among groups in a society. - Manipulating replaceability: mechanism by which professional groups and unions maximize their status by manipulating replaceability |
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