Biology 111: Lab 10
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Created by:
tinadoodles on November 16, 2011
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 heterotrophs | obtain nutrients from other organisms |
| Mushrooms are not plants because .. | they lack chlorophyll and cannot carry out photosynthesis |
| Fungi cell walls are made of .. | chitin |
| decomposer fungi | absorb their nutrients from nonliving sources |
| parasites | absorbing nutrients from living sources |
| mutualists | both fungus and host organism benefit from the relationship |
| hyphae | major part of the fungal body, forms mycelium, a network of threads |
| hyphae, septate, coenocytic = | haploid |
| Fungi perform ______ reproduction under stable environmental conditions, ________ reproduction under changing environment conditions. | asexual, sexual |
| plasmogamy | the union of the cytoplasm of the two gamete cells |
| karyogamy | the union of the nuclei |
| Chytridiomycota | has spores with flagella |
| Zygomycota | produce zygosporangia |
| Ascomycota | produce asci |
| Basidiomycota | produce basidia |
| Glomeromycota | comprised of important mycorrhizal fungi that live in mutualistic relationships with plant roots |
| lichens | represent symbiotic relationships between a fungus and a photosynthetic partner |
| Why are fungi important? | They are the principal decomposers in the environment and they help recycle carbon, nitrogen, and other elements. |
| zoospores | fungi that have flagellated spores |
| stolon hyphae | cover horizontal surfaces |
| rhizoid hyphae | penetrate and absorb nutrients |
| sporangiophores | stand upright, bare sporangia at their tips |
| dikaryotic | having two haploid nuclei per cell, one from each parent, in a fungal mycelium |
| ascus | saclike structure in which ascospores are formed through sexual reproduction |
| penicillium | used to make the antibacterial chemical, penicillin |
| basidiocarps | protrudes above the ground, reproductive bodies of fungi |
| mycorrhizae | mutual symbiotic relationships between fungal hyphae and plant roots |
| ectomycorrhizae | a type of mycorrhiza in which the mycelium forms a dense sheath or mantle over the surface of the root |
| arbuscular mycorrhizae (endomycorrhizae) | extend their branching hyphae through the cell wall of the plant root cells, but don't pierce the plasma membrane or enter the cytoplasm |
| folioso lichen | leaf-like structures |
| fruticose lichen | branched or hanging structures |
| crustose lichens | crusts |
| Why are lichens important? | They help trap wind-blown soil, help break down the substrate, and they are an important indicator for air quality. |
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