APUSH The American Pageant 12e Ch 16 The South and Slavery
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burros Teacher on November 16, 2011
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2011-2012
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Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Eli Whitney | United States inventor of the mechanical cotton gin (1765-1825) |
| "Cotton Kingdom" | Areas in the south where cotton farming developed because of the high demand for cotton, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas (parts of Florida) |
| Planter aristocracy | was the head of the southern society. they determined the political, economic, and even the social life of their region. the wealthiest had home in towns or cities as well as summer homes, and they traveled widely, especially to europe. they were defined as the cotton magnates, the sugar, rice, and tobacco nabobs, the whites who owned at least 40 or 50 slaves and 800 or more acres |
| Sir Walter Scott | British novelist whose romantic vision of a feudal society made him highly popular in the South |
| "Poor white trash"/"hillbillies"/"crackers" | non slave-holding whites |
| Free blacks | a "third race", prohibited from certain occupations, barred from some Northern states, often in competition with whites for menial jobs |
| Sold "down the river" | slave traders would gather slaves in slave pens and sold them down the Mississippi River |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | Wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin, a book about a slave who is treated badly, in 1852. The book persuaded more people, particularly Northerners, to become anti-slavery. |
| Denmark Vesey (1822) | slave revolt led by Denmark Vesey, stopped before it could start, South resolved to put stricter restrictions on slaves --> caused sectionalism to increase even more |
| Nat Turner (1831) | Virginia slave revolt that resulted in the deaths of sixty whites and raised fears among white Southerners of further uprisings. |
| Abolitionism | The militant effort to do away with slavery. It began in the north in the 1700's. Becoming a major issue in the 1830's, it dominated politics by the 1840's. Congress became a battle ground between the pro and anti slavery forces |
| American Colonization Society (1817) | A Society that thought slavery was bad. They would buy land in Africa and get free blacks to move there. One of these such colonies was made into what now is Liberia. (year) |
| Liberia (1822) | West-African nation founded as a haven for freed blacks, fifteen thousand of whom made their way back across the Atlantic by the 1860s |
| British Emancipation (1833) | Britain Emancipated slaves in the West Indies. Slavery had already been abolished in England. |
| Theodore Dwight Weld | American abolitionist whose pamphlet Slavery As It Is (1839) inspired Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel Uncle Tom's Cabin. |
| Lyman Beecher | Presbyterian clergyman, temperance movement leader and a leader of the Second Great Awakening of the United States. |
| William Lloyd Garrison/The Liberator (1831) | 1805-1879. Prominent American abolitionist, journalist and social reformer. Editor of radical abolitionist newspaper "The Liberator", and one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society. |
| American Anti-Slavery Society (1833) | Founded in 1833 by William Lloyd Garrison and other abolitionists. Garrison burned the Constitution as a pro-slavery document. Argued for "no Union with slaveholders" until they repented for their sins by freeing their slaves. p.386 |
| Wendell Phillips | An associate of William Lloyd Garrison, this man founded the American Antislavery Society in 1833. |
| David Walker | He was a black abolitionist who called for the immediate emancipation of slaves. He wrote the "Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World." It called for a bloody end to white supremacy. He believed that the only way to end slavery was for slaves to physically revolt. |
| Sojourner Truth | United States abolitionist and feminist who was freed from slavery and became a leading advocate of the abolition of slavery and for the rights of women (1797-1883) |
| Martin Delaney | one of the few black leaders to take seriously the notion of mass recolonization of Africa, in 189 he visited West Africa's Niger Valley seeking a suitable site for relocation |
| Frederick Douglass | United States abolitionist who escaped from slavery and became an influential writer and lecturer in the North (1817-1895) one of the most prominent African American figures in the abolitionist movement. escaped from slavery in Maryland. he was a great thinker and speaker. Published his own antislavery newspaper called the North star and wrote an autobiography that was published in 1845., |
| Rev. Elijah P. Lovejoy (1837) | an American Presbyterian minister, journalist, and newspaper editor who was murdered by a mob in Alton, Illinois for his abolitionist views. |
| "Free-soilers" | anti-slavery agitators; there was a "Free Soil Party" from 1848 to 1854 (it was absorbed by the Republican Party when that party was formed); "The Free-Soilers' historic slogan calling for 'free soil, free speech, free labor, and free men' attracted small farmers, debtors, village merchants, and household and mill workers, who resented the prospect of black-labour competition-whether slave or free-in the territories |
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