Maxillary Artery
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Maxillary Artery | the larger terminal branch of the external carotid artery. |
| Where does the maxillary artery begin? | at the neck of the mandibular condyle within the parotid salivary gland. |
| Where does the maxillary artery run? | between the mandible and the sphenomandibular ligament anteriorly and superiorly through the infratemporal fossa, then enters the pterygopalatine fossa; it may run either superficial or deep to the lateral pterygoid muscle |
| From where does the maxillary artery give off many branches? | from within the infratemporal and pterygopalatine fossa |
| What branches are included with the infratemporal fossa? | the middle meningeal and inferior alveolar arteries |
| Middle Meningeal artery | supplies the meninges of the brain by way of the foramen spinosum |
| Inferior alveolar artery | turns inferiorly to enter the mandibular foramen and then the mandibular canal, along with the inferior alveolar nerve; the mylohyoid artery branches from it before it enters the canal; within the canal it gives off the dental and alveolar branches |
| mylohyoid artery | arises from the inferior alveolar artery before the main artery enters the mandibular canal by way of the mandibular foramen; travels in the mylohyoid groove on the inner surface of the mandible and supplies the FOM and the mylohyoid muscle. |
| dental branches of the inferior alveolar artery | supply the pulp tissue of the mandibular posterior teeth by way of each tooth's apical foramen |
| alveolar branches of the inferior alveolar artery | supply the periodontium of the mandibular posterior teeth, including the gingiva |
| Inferior alveolar artery branches into what two arteries within the mandibular canal? | the mental and incisive arteries |
| mental artery | arises from the inferior alveolar artery and exits the mandibular canal by way of the mental foramen. |
| Incisive artery | branches off the inferior alveolar artery and remains in the mandibular canal to divide into dental and alveolar branches |
| Dental branches of incisive artery | supply the pulp tissue of the mandibular anterior teeth by way of each tooth's apical foramen |
| deep temporal arteries | supply anterior and posterior portions of the temporalis muscle |
| pterygoid arteries | supplies the lateral and medial pterygoid muscles |
| Masseteric artery | supplies the masseter muscle |
| Buccal artery | supplies the buccinator muscle and other soft tissues of the cheek |
| Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery | enters the posterior superior alveolar foramina on the maxillary tuberosity and then gives off dental branches and alveolar branches |
| Infraorbital artery | branches from the maxillary artery in the pterygopalatine fossa and may share a common trunk with the posterior superior alveolar artery; while in the orbit, the artery travels in the infraorbital canal where it provides orbital branches to the orbit and gives off the anterior superior alveolar artery. |
| Anterior Superior Alveolar Artery | arises from the infraorbital artery and gives off dental and alveolar branches |
| Dental branches of the anterior superior alveolar artery | supply the pulp tissue of the anterior maxillary teeth by way of each tooth's apical foramen |
| Alveolar branches of the Anterior Superior Alveolar Artery | supply the periodontium of the anterior maxillary teeth, including the gingiva |
| Descending palatine artery | also in the pterygopalatine fossa; travels to the palate through the pterygopalatine canal which then terminates into the greater and lesser palatine artery. |
| What does the greater and lesser palatine artery supply? | the hard and soft palates |
| Sphenopalatine artery | This is where the maxillary artery ends; it supplies the nasal cavity; gives rise to the posterior lateral nasal branches and septal branches. |
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