| Term | Definition |
|---|
| 9th of Ab | A Jewish day of fast that commemorates the destruction of the First and Second Temples |
| Abbasids | Islamic caliphate that moved the center of the Muslim empire to Baghdad. They took over control of Jerusalem from the Umayyards (~AD 750)and continued to enhance Jerusalem |
| Abd al-Malik | Islamic ruler that completes the Dome of the Rock and the al-Aqsa mosque |
| Aelia capitolina | city built by the Roman emperor Hadrian in the ruins of Jerusalem. The city contained temples to pagan gods, including a temple of Jupiter built on the Temple Mount. Jews were banned from the city. |
| 'Ain Dara temple | Temple built in the Iron age in Syria that is similar to Solomon's First Temple |
| Al-Aqsa Mosque | Mosque built in Jerusalem under the order of Abd al-Malik that makes up part of the Hara esh-Sharif (Temple Mount). This is where Muhammad was believed to have visited during his "Night Journey" |
| Al-Quds | Islamic name for Jerusalem |
| Alexander the Great | Conquers Palestine in 333BC and visits Jerusalem in 332 BC. Brings Hellenistic influence to Jerusalem |
| Aliyah | Jewish immigration back to Israel |
| Antiochus IV Epiphanies | Seleucid ruler who thoroughly Hellenized Palestine and Jerusalem. He outlawed Judaism and ordered the worshipping of Zeus. To suppress the Jewish resistance during the Maccabean revolt, he looted the temple treasury and sacrificed a pig on the temple altar. He also turned the temple into temple of Zeus |
| Antonia Fortress | Military barracks built by Herod the Great in Jerusalem on the site of the earlier Hasmonian stronghold. It was later destroyed by Titus' army during the Siege of Jerusalem (AD 70) |
| Ark of the Covenant | Sacred container that contained the stone tablets containing the Ten Commandments. It was built at the command of God during Moses' prophetic vision at Mt. Sinai. It was held in the "Holy of holies" in the First Temple |
| Threshing floor of Aruna | Location that Solomon built the First Temple. Was the location where the Angel of God visited David as he begged God not to destroy the city. God then ordered him to build an alter at this location |
| Assyrians | They sieged Jerusalem in 701 BC. Hezekiah built a wall in preparation to cut off their access to water. Under the command of Sennacherib, they withdrew |
| Armenian quarter | lower south-west part of the old city belonging to the Armenians. Smallest of the 4 quarters |
| Baldwin | One of the leaders of the First Crusade who becomes the first king of Jerusalem in AD 1100 |
| Balfour Declaration | Policy by the British government that declared Palestine as the Jewish national homeland |
| Revolt of Bar Kokhba | Second major revolt again the Romans by the Jews (AD 132-135). The revolt was under the command of bar Kokhba, a chosen Messiah, and it was not supported by the Christians. This separated the two religions |
| British mandate | Mandate from the League of Nations to govern Jerusalem from AD 1922-1948 after Jerusalem was taken control of by Britain in 1917 |
| Broad wall | remains of Hezekiah's wall that was built to fortify the city in protection against the Assyrians |
| Bronze Sea | large laver in the tabernacle that was used by priests to wash before performing certain services |
| Babylonians | They conquer Jerusalem and destroy the First Temple under the command of Nebudchanezzer (586 BC). The Jews are then exiled the Jewish leaders to Babylon |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace