| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Cardo maximus | the main north-south street in Aelia Capitolina |
| Christian quarter | NW quarter in the Old City of Jerusalem |
| Church of Anastasia | name for the Church of the Holy Sepulcher by eastern Christians. Place of Jesus' crucification, tomb, and resurrection |
| Citadel of David | Ancient citadel near the Jaffa Gate built to fortify the city built by Herod the Great |
| City of David | City on the hill next to the Old City that was first captured from the Jebusites by David in 1000 BC |
| Constantine | First Christian Roman emperor. Issued the Edict of Milan in AD 313 which proclaimed religious toleration throughout the empire |
| Cotton merchants market | a structure built in Mamluk period that runs up to the Temple Mount |
| Cyrus | King of Persia, who conquered Babylon, that gave edict that allowed Jews to return to Jerusalem (538 BC) |
| David | defeats Jebusites to take control of Jerusalem. He brings the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem |
| Dome of the Rock | Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount that was completed in AD 691under the order of Abd al-Malik. Was a stop on Muhammad's Mi'raj, where he leapt from the rock to heaven on the back of his steed |
| Edicule | shrine in the rotunda of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher that is the tomb of Christ |
| En-rogel | a spring near Jerusalem that was the hiding place for David's spies |
| Ezra | Jewish priestly scribe who led Jewish exiles living in Babylon back to Jerusalem during the second return (458 BC). He established the Synagogue |
| Fatimids | Ruling party (969-1099) that had control of Jerusalem till it was taken during the First Crusade. Allowed the Byzantines to rebuild the Church of the Holy Sepulcher |
| Gehenna | associated with Hell in Christian theology and is derived from the Valley of the Hinnom, which was a place of child sacrifice to a pagan god in ancient times |
| General Allenby | Conquers Palestine in AD 1917 |
| Gihon | Spring in Jerusalem that is the only perennial water source in Jerusalem. Three main water systems brought the water to the city |
| Godfrey of Bouillon | A knight who was the leader of the Northern Crusaders during the First Crusade. He conquered Jerusalem in 1099. He was the first ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, but did not use the title of "king" |
| Golden Gate | In Jewish tradition, it is the gate through which the Messiah will enter Jerusalem. It was sealed off in AD 1541 by Suleiman to prevent the Messiah's entrance |
| Golgotha | The place where Jesus was crucified. The Church of the Holy Sepulcher was built by Constantine at this location |
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