Biology 20 - Chapter 9.1 - The Importance of an Oxygen Deliver System I & II
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Shadowwitch on November 17, 2011
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Unit D - Human Systems
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46 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Nitrogen, Oxygen, others | The atmosphere is composed of ______________, ____________, and _____________. |
| 78%, 21%, 1% | The atmosphere is made of _____ Nitrogen, _____ Oxygen, and _____ others. |
| create ATP | Oxygen is really important to life because animals need oxygen to __________ ______. |
| Breathing or Ventilation | ______________ is the movement of air between the external environment and the body. |
| respiratory membrane | Ventilation happens across a ______________ ______________. (separate the inside of the body to external environment) |
| Breathing, External Respiration, Internal Respiration, Cellular Respiration | The four types of respiration is ______________, ______________ ______________, ______________ ______________, and ______________ ______________. |
| Breathing | ______________ is the process by which air enters and leaves the lungs. |
| External respiration | ______________ ______________ takes place in the lungs and involves the exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide molecules between the air and the blood. |
| Internal respiration | ______________ ______________ takes place within the body and involves the exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide molecules between the blood and tissue fluids. |
| Cellular Respiration | ______________ ______________ involves the production of ATP in body cells. |
| nasal cavity, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, diaphragm | Parts of the respiratory system include: _______ _________, __________, ____________ (voice box), ____________, ____________, ____________, ______________, ___________, ______________ (air sacs), and ______________. |
| Nasal Cavity | __________ __________ : Filters, warms and moistens air. |
| Mucus, odor receptors | Nasal cavity contains __________ and _________ ________________. |
| Mucus | ____________ traps foreign particles and keeps cell lining moist. |
| Odor receptors | ________ ______________ in the nasal cavity help us smell. |
| Pharynx | The ______________ is the air filled channel at the back of the mouth. (Throat) |
| Trachea, Esophagus | Two openings branch off from the pharynx, the ___________, and the ______________. |
| Larynx | The ______________ is also called the voice box. |
| Larynx | The ______________ is a cartilaginous structure that allows air to pass from the pharynx to the trachea. |
| Vocal cords | The Larynx contains _________ _________; ligaments. |
| Vibrate, produce sound | The vocal cords are flexible, pliable bands of connective tissue that __________ and ___________ __________ when air is expelled past them. |
| Epiglottis | The ______________ is a flap like structure that covers the top of the trachea. |
| Trachea | The ______________ is a flexible tube that receives air. And is permanently opened by a ring of cartilage. |
| Bronchi | The trachea branches off into two ______________, one enter each lung. |
| Cilia | ______________ keeps the lungs clean by sweeping mucus, produced by goblet cells, back to the pharynx. |
| Bronchi | The ______________ are paired tubes that branches into even more tubes. |
| Bronchi | After the trachea, the ______________ is also opened by a ring of cartilage. |
| Bronchioles | Branching off from the bronchus, ______________ this structure passes air to the alveoli. |
| Alveoli | ______________ are air sacs for gas exchange. |
| 0.1-0.2 micrometers | Alveoli is around _________ ______________ in diameter. |
| Capillaries | Each alveolus is surrounded by ______________. |
| Capillaries | ______________ are where oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse in and out of. |
| blood, lungs | Oxygen diffuse into the ____________ because of the high concentration of Oxygen in the ___________. |
| lungs, blood | Carbon dioxide diffuse into the ______ because of the high concentration of Carbon dioxide in the ______. |
| Atmospheric pressure | Breathing movements are dependent on: ___________________ ____________. |
| Pressure, chest cavity | Breathing movements are dependent on: _____________ in the ____________ ____________. |
| High pressure, low pressure | Gas moves from an area of _______ _____________ to an area of ________ ______________. |
| Dome-shaped | The diaphragm is ____________ sheet of muscle. |
| Thoraic cavity | The diaphragm separates the ____________ ____________ from abdominal cavity. |
| Abdominal cavity | The diaphragm separates the thoraic cavity from ____________ ____________. |
| Pressure | The diaphragm regulates ____________ in the chest cavity. |
| Inspiration, Contracts, decreases | During ____________: diaphragm ____________ (muscle shortens) pulls downward, chest cavity volume increases, pressure in lungs ____________, air moves into lungs. |
| Expiration, Decreases, out of | During ____________ diaphragm relaxes (muscle lengthens), pushes up (dome shaped), chest cavity volume ____________, pressure in lungs increases, air moves ______ ______ lungs. |
| Intercostal Muscles | ____________ ____________ are bands of muscles found between the ribs. |
| contract, inhalation | Intercostal muscles ____________ to help move ribs up during ____________. (increases volume of chest, lowers pressure in the chest cavity. |
| Relax, exhalation | Intercostal muscles ____________ to let rib cage fall during ____________. (decrease volume of chest, pushes air out. |
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