| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Weathering | The break up of rocks into smaller fragments when exposed to air, water, and organic matter. |
| Mechanical Weathering | Breaks apart rocks without changing its chemical composition. |
| Frost Wedging | Water freezes in crakcs and it expands and forces rocks apart. Then freezes and forms talus slopes and potholes. |
| Abrasion | Moving rock fragments grind and scrpae each other away. |
| Plants and Animals | Plants and tree roots push rocks apart. Animals dig holes allowing water and air to reach bedrock whic hweather it faster. |
| Exfoliation | The peeling of surface layers caused by upward expansion. Sheets of rock are removed. |
| Chemical Weathering | The breakdown of a rock that takes place when minerals are changed ito different substances. |
| Hydrolysis | The chemical reaction of water with other substances. Causes minerals to form new minerals. |
| Acid | Rainwater that contains unusually high amounts of acids that can be traced to these pollutants. |
| Surface Exposure | The rate at which a rock weathers depends on the surface that it is exposed to. The more the faster. |
| Composition of Rock | Depending on composition, various rocks respond differently to the same weathering process. Quartz is very resistant to weathering. |
| Climate | A factor that affects the weathering process. |
| RockSlides | Large blocks of rock brake loosely from steep slopes and tumble quickly o the bottom. Is caused by earthquakes and results in a talus. |
| Creep | A slow; impercepable movement of soil down a slope. Is caused by the prescense of water in soil and examples are bent poles and fences. |
| Slump | Blocks foland tilt that move downhill along a surface that curves into a slope. Is caused by slopes that are too steep. It results in a curved scar. |
| Earth Flow | A mass of weathered material that has been saturated with water flows downhill. three things that factor the velosicty are the amount of water presenct, the compostition of sol, and the steepness of the slope. |
| Mudflows | The rapid movement of water that contains large amounts of caly and silt. Causes heavy rainfall and it results in the movement of rocks, boulders, trees, and homes. |
| Talus Slope | A pile of rocks that accumulates as frost wedging loosens pieces of rock and they tumble down the hill. |
| Hoodoos | Created by frost wedging |
| Where would you expect to see frost wedging | Maine |
| Uneven sidwalks are usually formed from | Tree growth |
| A talus slope is most likely the result of | Frost wedging |
| Rust can form as a product of | Oxidation |
| This type of erosion has enough energy and mass to destroy everything in its path | Mudflow |
| This type of erosion leaves a curved scar | Slump |
| This type of ersoion forms a talus slope | Rockslide |
| This type of erosion is caused by freeze and thaw action | Creep |
| Weathering occurs most often in what climate | Warm and wet |
| This type of erosion can cause tilted telephone poles and curved trees | Creep |
| This erosion cannot support the bottom of soil | Slump |
| The dropping of eroded sediment is called | Deposition |
| what is the primary reason plants are important to prevent erosion | Rock shape and erosion |
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