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Sensitometry on November 17, 2011
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44 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 1) The ʺcementʺ that held together the multitude of warring states in Central and Southeast Asia after 1453 wasA) Asian trading routes. B) the Safavid Dynasty. C) common language. D) Islam. E) economic interests. | ... |
| D Page Ref: 367 2) The last gasp of the Mongols was best illustrated by the conquests of A) Abbas the Great. B) Chinggis Khan. C) Mehmet II. D) Timur the Lame. E) Bayezid I. | ... |
| D Page Ref: 367 3) The development that destroyed the advantages of the nomad cavalries of central Asia was A) the rise of skillfully trained ground troops. B) the introduction of firearms. C) the walled city. D) the elimination of steppe grasses. E) the creation of armies consisting of professional soldiers. | ... |
| B Page Ref: 367 4) How did the Ottomans claim legitimacy of rule? A) They were chosen by the Muslim shaykhs. B) They claimed to be direct descendants of the last Roman emperor. C) There was no need since they ruled by force. D) They linked the warrior tradition with the religious authority of the sufis. E) They claimed divine revelation. | ... |
| D Page Ref: 368 5) Which of the following is NOT consistent with Ottoman power? A) They falsified genealogy linking them to the Prophet Muhammad B) They regained Muslim dominance over Spain C) The Ottomans became the most powerful of the new Muslim empires D) Ottoman power centered in Anatolia E) The Ottomans conquered Hungary | ... |
| B Page Ref: 368 142 6) Which of the following is consistent with Osmanʹs successors? A) They conquered Egypt. B) They conquered Constantinople | Romania, and the Crimea. C) They built a powerful navy. D) They conquered Iraq. E) all of the above. |
| E Page Ref: 368-369 7) The greatest of the Ottoman rulers was A) Suleiman. B) Selim. C) Mehmet. D) Timur. E) Mehmed II. | ... |
| A Page Ref: 368-369 8) The Ottoman Emperor A) lived in splendor. B) built a wall around Jerusalem. C) conquered Hungary by slaughtering thousands. D) received petitions from his subjects. E) all of the above. | ... |
| E Page Ref: 369-370 9) The ʺcircle of justiceʺ included all of the following EXCEPT A) the state must have tax revenues. B) the necessity of a large army. C) the sultanʹs subjects could petition for redress of wrongs. D) citizens were subject to arbitrary regulations. E) subjects were to receive security. | ... |
| D Page Ref: 369 10) The ulama were A) the Ottoman high nobility. B) learned religious scholars. C) army commanders. D) members of the sultanʹs council. E) judges. | ... |
| B Page Ref: 370 143 11) The janissaries were A) the sultanʹs council. B) royal administrators. C) elite infantry corps. D) provincial governors. E) landowners. | ... |
| C Page Ref: 371 12) Which of the following is NOT consistent with slavery in Ottoman society? A) Slaves were not allowed in the military. B) Islam prohibited the enslaving of fellow Muslims. C) Slavery was common. D) Slaves from the Balkans who were taken as boys were considered a human tax. E) Slave markets were scattered throughout the empire. | ... |
| A Page Ref: 372 13) The sultanʹs control over the Ottoman Empire was made stronger because the janissaries and most of the government bureaucrats were A) religious fanatics. B) well educated. C) slaves. D) volunteers. E) none of the above. | ... |
| C Page Ref: 372 14) All of the following were reasons for the decline of the Ottoman Empire EXCEPT A) a decline in the quality of leadership. B) a lack of clear hereditary succession traditions. C) communication problems due to the size of the empire. D) barbarian invasions. E) rebellions among soldiers. | ... |
| D Page Ref: 373 15) What title was given to the non-Muslims within the Sultanʹs empire? A) kadisB) dhimmisC) muftiD) jizyaE) sati | ... |
| B Page Ref: 373 16) Ottoman society was divided for tax purposes between A) wealthy subjects who paid little tax and poor subjects who paid the bulk of the taxes. B) taxpaying subjects and military administrators. C) religious leaders and merchants. D) the valide sultan and the kadis or judges. E) ethnic groups. | ... |
| B Page Ref: 373 144 17) Ottoman cultural achievements included all of the following EXCEPT A) monumental architecture. B) scholarship. C) elaborate calligraphy. D) literature. E) none of the above. | ... |
| E Page Ref: 374 18) The most formidable enemy of the Ottoman Empire was A) Persia.B) France.C) India.D) Austria.E) Russia. | ... |
| A Page Ref: 374 19) The strength of Safavid Iran was its A) Shiʹite nationalist movement. B) new-style army. C) location in North Africa. D) ocean-going navy. E) superior weaponry. | ... |
| A Page Ref: 374-375 20) Which of the following is NOT consistent with Ismailʹs rule? A) attempted alliances with European rulers against the Sunni Muslims B) conquest of Iraq C) diplomatic missions D) forced conversion of Sunni Muslims to Shiʹism E) Portugalʹs regard of him as an equal | ... |
| E Page Ref: 375 21) Shah Abbas was an outstanding ruler of A) the Mughal Empire. B) Persia. C) Turkistan. D) the Ottoman Empire. E) Iraq. | ... |
| B Page Ref: 376 22) The key to Abbasʹs military victories was A) the use of elephants. B) a professional class of officers. C) his massive cavalry. D) the use of firearms and artillery. E) his personal command of the troops. | ... |
| D Page Ref: 377 145 23) Persia signed a commercial agreement with A) France.B) Spain.C) Britain.D) Portugal.E) Venice. | ... |
| C Page Ref: 378 24) The item of Persian trade most coveted by Europeans was A) jade. B) silk. C) ceramics. D) woven cloth. E) spices. | ... |
| B Page Ref: 378 25) All of the following are examples of Persian fine arts EXCEPT A) ceramics. B) carpets. C) intricate geometric patterns. D) wool cloth. E) luxurious gardens. | ... |
| D Page Ref: 378 26) Which of the following was NOT one of the great Muslim empires of the 16th and 17th centuries? A) Mughal B) Safavid C) Ottoman D) Mongol E) none of the above | ... |
| D Page Ref: 379 27) What made the Mughal Empire distinct from the Ottomans and Safavids? A) They each had separate origins. B) The Mughals ruled a Hindu population. C) The Ottomans ruled without absolute power. D) The Safavids ruled a Shinto population. E) The Mughals and Ottomans were allies against the Safavids. | ... |
| B Page Ref: 379 28) Which one of the following laid the foundation for the Mughal Empire? A) Chinggis Khan B) Timur C) Suleiman D) Babur E) Mahmud of Ghazni | ... |
| D Page Ref: 379 146 29) Which of the following is NOT consistent with Baburʹs reign? A) He compiled his memoirs. B) He built gardens. C) He admired Indian culture. D) He wrote poetry. E) He admired Indian mathematics. | ... |
| C Page Ref: 380 30) Akbarʹs religious policy was typified by A) his efforts to spread Islam. B) his persecution of all religions. C) tolerance. D) his suppression of Hinduism. E) his acceptance of Christianity. | ... |
| C Page Ref: 380 31) Which of the following BEST illustrates the reign of Akbar? A) He had no concern for morality and social justice. B) He was a patron of the arts. C) He maintained the non-Muslim head tax | or jizya. D) He required that his heir be Muslim. E) all of the above. |
| B Page Ref: 380 32) Akbar violated Hindu traditions when he outlawed A) foot binding. B) the caste system. C) the killing of cattle. D) the self-burning of widows | or sati. E) inviting other religious leaders to discussions. |
| D Page Ref: 380 33) Mughal India was ruled from the city of A) Delhi.B) Agra.C) Kabul.D) Bombay.E) Madras. | ... |
| B Page Ref: 382 34) Which of the following is NOT consistent with the Mughal Empire in the 17th century? A) The cotton textile industry flourished. B) It was the wealthiest state in the world. C) It exported to Asia and Africa. D) Most of the population was Muslim. E) Cities were many and large. | ... |
| D Page Ref: 382 147 35) The early Mughal period saw a Hindu-Muslim cultural synthesis | which resulted in A) a library of over 20,000 illustrated manuscripts. B) a representative government. C) a lack of industry. D) a single language. E) a lack of artistic development. |
| A Page Ref: 382-383 36) The Taj Mahal is a(n) A) royal garden. B) mosque. C) statue of the favorite wife of the Shah. D) elaborate tomb. E) city. | ... |
| D Page Ref: 383 37) All of the following are reasons for the decline of the Mughal Empire in India EXCEPT A) oppression of the peasants. B) continuous civil war. C) deficiencies in the qualities of the later Mughal rulers. D) dependence on traditional methods of conquest and exploitation. E) religious violence. | ... |
| B Page Ref: 383-384 38) Aurangzeb A) weakened the Mughal Dynasty. B) destroyed many Hindu temples. C) was a tyrant. D) enforced Sharia law. E) all of the above. | ... |
| E Page Ref: 385 39) Aurangzeb was determined to A) continue ecumenicalism. B) impose Sunni orthodoxy. C) overthrow the ulama. D) move the capital to Calcutta. E) spread Islam into China. | ... |
| B Page Ref: 385 148 40) All of the following are consistent with Mughal society EXCEPT A) status was linked to wealth. B) it was patriarchal. C) the population consisted of a majority of illiterate peasants. D) child marriage was common. E) education for women was non-existent. | ... |
| A Page Ref: 385 41) The Ottoman | Safavid, and Mughal Empires shared which significant factor? A) ethnicity B) customs C) language D) similar geography E) none of the above |
| E Page Ref: 386 42) Kabul was an important city due to its A) location at the pass through the Himalayas between Persia and India. B) position as a government center. C) industry. D) alliance with both Iran and the Mughal Empire. E) copper trade. | ... |
| A Page Ref: 386 43) Trade between the Eurasian empires and European nations A) stopped completely due to recurring war. B) resulted in goods going to Europe and cash to the Muslim kingdoms. C) led to the economic decline of the Muslim empires. D) was limited to silk and other textiles. E) allowed Europe to dominate the Muslim kingdomsʹ economies. | ... |
| B Page Ref: 386 44) Which of the following from Europe were valuable in the gunpowder empires? A) wool B) pottery C) iron tools D) printed books | ... |
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