| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Mitosis | the exact duplication of a cell as to form identical nuclei during cell division. |
| Meiosis | how sex cells are produced. Reduction Division. |
| Spermatogenesis | the production of sperm. 4 mature sperms are produced. |
| Oogenesis | the production of egg cells. 1 mature egg and 3 polar bodies are produced. |
| Chromatin | nuclear DNA in the form of thin, twisted threads, made of DNA wound around histones. |
| Chromosome | formed when the chromatin shortens and thickens. |
| Asexual Reproduction | sexual reproduction with one parent cell. |
| Binary Fission | asexual reproduction; the two daughter cells are equal. |
| Budding | asexual reproduction; the two daughter cells are not equal. |
| Sister Chromatid | two identical chromosomes. |
| Centromere | what the sister chromatids are help together by. |
| Interphase | when DNA replicates, the cell increases in size, synthesizes proteins, organelles, etc, and centrioles replicate. The DNA is in the form of chromatin. |
| Prophase | Chromatid condenses into visible doubled chromosomes. The centrioles move to opposite poles of the cell. Microtubules form asters and spindle. Some spindles attach to centromeres. Chromosome pairs start to move to the cell's equator. The nucleolus and nuclear membrane have disappeared. |
| Metaphase | Chromosome pairs are lined up along the cell's equator. Then centromeres divide, sister chromatids seperate. |
| Anaphase | Chromosomes move to opposite poles, one complete chromosome set is now at each pole. |
| Telophase | Chromosomes uncoil, going back to chromatin form. Spindle and asters disappear. Nuclear membranes form around each set of chromosomes and nuclei reappear. |
| Cytokinesis | the splitting of the cytoplasm, resulting in two new daughter cells. ANIMALS: cell membrane pinches in. PLANTS: a cell plate forms, and cellulose is deposisted, forming a new cell wall. |
| Cancer | uncontrolled division of abnormal cells. |
| Somatic Cell | body cell. |
| Gamete | sex cell. |
| Sex Cell | egg or sperm. |
| Gonads | sex organs, testes and ovary. |
| Fertilization | the fusion between the nuclei of the sperm and the egg cell. |
| Zygote | the product of fertilization. |
| Diploid | chromosome number, 2n. |
| Homologous Pairs | two chromatids that have genes that code for the same traits. |
| Monoploid or Haploid | half the diploid number of chromosomes, 1n. |
| Gametogenesis | when the sperm and egg are produced. |
| Hermaphrodite | an organism containing both male and female gonads. |
| Homolog | a chromosome in a pair of homologous chromosomes. |
| Tetrad | chromatid pairs that come together and attach at their centromeres. |
| Synapsis | when tetrads come together or are formed. |
| Independant Assortment | how tetrads are oriented at random. |
| Crossing Over | when tetrads from, the homologous chromosomes are so close that they can exchange parts. |
| Variation | Independant Assortment and Crossing Over. |
| Flagellum | on sperm that allow it to swim through liquids. |
| Vegetative Propagation | asexual reproduction in plants. |
| Spindle | fibers that are attached to the chromatids and centriols that help pull the cell into two daughter cells. |
| Aster | star like structure that form from the centrioles |
| Microtubule | form asters and spindles |
| Regeneration | the ability of an organism to regrow lost bady parts. |
| Centriole | fromed to help move the cell. |
| Centromere | where the centrioles are located |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace
!